Unit 9

Coils: Processing and Service Centers

There are two kinds of flat products: strips or sheets coming from coils and plates.

The coils themselves may be final products for a rolling mill, but they are always further processed; either at a mill or at steel service centers or at end-users facilities. They are produced as a feedstock for cold rolled coil and coated coil, but also for direct use in a variety of industrial applications including steel tubes used in transport, construction, shipbuilding, gas containers, pressure vessels and energy pipelines. Hot rolled sheet with an anti-slip surface and a diamond or teardrop pattern is typically used for stairs, industrial floors and tailboards for goods vehicles.

Strips are produced by slitting on slitting lines. Slitting involves selecting a master coil of a given width and passing it through circular knives separated by spacers. The knives act as a rotary shear, slitting the coil to a desired width. After the material passes through the knives and has been slit, each width is recoiled separately. If the baby coils are destined for further processing, they are banded and strapped together with a binding strip.

Exercise 1:

Please select technical terms from the text below and translate them:

There are two kinds of flat products: strips or sheets coming from coils and plates.

The coils themselves may be final products for a rolling mill, but they are always further processed; either at a mill or at steel service centers or at end-users facilities. They are produced as a feedstock for cold rolled coil and coated coil, but also for direct use in a variety of industrial applications including steel tubes used in transport, construction, shipbuilding, gas containers, pressure vessels and energy pipelines. Hot rolled sheet with an anti-slip surface and a diamond or teardrop pattern is typically used for stairs, industrial floors and tailboards for goods vehicles.

Strips are produced by slitting on slitting lines. Slitting involves selecting a master coil of a given width and passing it through circular knives separated by spacers. The knives act as a rotary shear, slitting the coil to a desired width. After the material passes through the knives and has been slit, each width is recoiled separately. If the baby coils are destined for further processing, they are banded and strapped together with a binding strip.

Answer Key: Exercise 1

Suggested Answers:

–

JXUwMDFiJXUwMDJjJXUwMDA2JXUwMDA1 –

–

JXUwMDM1JXUwMDA0JXUwMDA1JXUwMDAw –

JXUwMDFiJXUwMDJjJXUwMDAzJXUwMDA4 JXUwMDNiJXUwMDBjJXUwMDA2JXUwMDA1 – JXUwMDIyJXUwMDFi

JXUwMDNiJXUwMDBjJXUwMDA2JXUwMDA1 –

–

– JXUwMTU1JXUwMTY4JXUwMDA5JXUwMDAz

JXUwMDM0JXUwMDA1JXUwMDA3JXUwMDBi –

–

– ,

Sheets are produced by cutting on cut-to length lines. Cut-to-length leveling lines convert coil into sheet and plate. These fully automatic, high-speed, cut-to-length lines employ levelers to flatten coil as it moves through the line. Dot matrix stenciling systems can custom-mark each sheet or plate according to customer requirements. After stenciling, a heavy-duty shear cleanly cuts the sheet to specification, and then provides edge conditioning. Light-gauge cut-to-length leveling lines also include decoiling systems, heavy-duty levelers, PVC plastic applicators, precision shearing assemblies, and highly advanced automatic stackers. The pneumatic-driven plastic applicators provide superior protection for cut sheets of cold rolled, coated, stainless, and aluminum -- eliminating possible surface damage during fabrication. And the automatic stacking and conveying system ensures that each order is precisely cut, protected, inspected, and packaged all on the same line. Cut-to-length sheet can be quickly readied for primary processing such as burning, shearing, plasma punching, and laser cutting.

Exercise 2:

To do exercise 2, please scroll down to the end of the unit. It precedes "Points to remember". Do the exercise and return back.

Exercise 3

Translate into Czech:

Cut-to-length line -

Leveler -

Dot-matrix stenciling - /

Edge conditioning - JXUwMDMwJXUwMDFhJXUwMDEzJXUwMDBm

Light-gauge cut-to-length leveling lines - JXUwMDM5 JXUwMDM2JXUwMDBm

Decoiling system -

Stackers -

Conveying -

Laser cutting -

Plasma punching -

Blanking – Blanking can be considered a step beyond the conventional cut-to-length line in terms of both speed and accuracy. The process allows for slit coil to be leveled and cut-to-length in narrow widths and much closer tolerances than can be achieved by shearing. Its high speed and superior accuracy make blanking operation especially well-suited for precision jobs involving a high number of repeat parts.

Exercise 4:

Please translate the following text into Czech:

Answer Key: Exercise 4

A Steel Service Center buys steel products in large quantities from producing mills and holds the material in inventory until sold to a customer. When a service center sells steel it will perform any processing the customer requests, load the steel and deliver it to the user. Service Centers usually offer varying degrees of material "pre-processing." Pre-processing involves basic cutting services, such as sawing, shearing, and shape burning to cut material to a size and/or shape that is either immediately usable by the customer, or greatly reduces the customer's time to make the steel usable.

The type, quantity, and sophistication of pre-processing services offered by a particular Service Center are determined by the Service Center's product and customer mix. But about seventy percent of the metal passing through Service Centers undergoes some form of pre-production processing, such as slitting, shearing, sawing, grinding, flame cutting, coil coating, and cutting-to-length.

Exercise 5:

Please translate the following text into Czech:

Answer Key: Exercise 5

JXUwMDJlJXUwMDEz JXUwMDIy JXUwMDM3JXUwMDBi JXUwMDM5 JXUwMDMyJXUwMDBm JXUwMDNjJXUwMDBi JXUwMDM2JXUwMDBiJXUwMTFi JXUwMDMyJXUwMDE5JXUwMDFjJXUwMDFh JXUwMDEzJXUwMDJmJXUwMDFkJXUwMTA3 JXUwMDIy JXUwMDMyJXUwMDBm JXUwMDMyJXUwMDBmJXUwMDBkJXUwMDA3 JXUwMDM5 JXUwMDNjJXUwMDBiJXUwMDBiJXUwMDg1 JXUwMDMyJXUwMDBiJXUwMDBhJXUwMDA0 JXUwMDM5 JXUwMDNjJXUwMDBi JXUwMDM2JXUwMDBiJXUwMDA3JXUwMDBk JXUwMDMyJXUwMDBm JXUwMDNhJXUwMDE3JXUwMTdh JXUwMDM2JXUwMDBiJXUwMDA3JXUwMDBk JXUwMTU1JXUwMTZjJXUwMDEy JXUwMDMz JXUwMDMz

JXUwMDBjJXUwMDJkJXUwMDA5JXUwMDVj JXUwMDM5 JXUwMDMyJXUwMDBm JXUwMDM5 JXUwMDZmJXUwMDA3JXUwMDE1 JXUwMDMyJXUwMDBm JXUwMDMyJXUwMDBiJXUwMDBhJXUwMDA0 JXUwMDM2JXUwMDBm JXUwMDM5

The existence of Steel Service Centers allows the steel user to have huge inventories readily available while only paying for the steel they need, when they need it. This reduces or eliminates the need for end users to tie up capital in inventory, pre-processing equipment, processing personnel, and trucks.

Exercise 6:

Use Internet for the following task:

Find a steel service center in the Czech Republic and see what "pre-processing" they offer.

Answer Key: Exercise 6

Suggested Answers:

Plates

Plates differ from other flat products because their widths can go up to 5.0 meters; their thickness is above 4.8 mm (up to 1000 mm) and their mechanical routes are rather sophisticated (high mechanical characteristics and product niches). Plates are usually rolled on reversing quarto mills (one or two rolling stands), so they are also called “reversing mill plates” or “quarto plates”.

Before the 16th century, plates were made by hammering small steel ingots. One of the first rolling stands was drawn in 1495 by Leonardo da Vinci. The production process involves reheating slabs, rolling, cutting and heat treatment.

Exercise 7:

Please answer the following questions:

1) Is there a difference between sheets and plates?

2) How do you translate sheets and plates into Czech?

3) What is the difference between slitting and cutting to length?

4) How do you translate slitting and cutting to length into Czech?

Answer Key: Exercise 7

1)

2) Sheets – , Plates – , ,

3)

4) Slitting – , Cutting to length –

Exercise 2:

Read the text below and fill in the missing words:

Sheets are produced by cutting on - lines. - - leveling lines convert coil into sheet and plate. These fully automatic, high-speed, - - lines employ to flatten coil as it moves through the line. Dot matrix systems can custom-mark each sheet or according to customer requirements. After , a heavy-duty cleanly cuts the sheet to specification, and then provides edge conditioning. Light-gauge - - leveling lines also include decoiling systems, heavy-duty , PVC plastic applicators, precision shearing assemblies, and highly advanced automatic . The pneumatic-driven plastic applicators provide superior protection for cut of cold rolled, coated, stainless, and aluminum -- eliminating possible surface damage during fabrication. And the automatic and system ensures that each order is precisely , protected, inspected, and all on the same line. - - sheet can be quickly readied for primary processing such as burning, shearing, plasma punching, and cutting.

Points to remember:

- There are two kinds of flat products: Strips or sheets coming from coils and plates.

- Strips are produced by slitting on slitting lines.

- Sheets are produced by cutting on cut-to length lines.

- A Steel Service Center buys steel products in large quantities from producing mills and holds the material in inventory until sold to a customer.

- Plates are produced on reversing quarto mills and differ from sheets: plates are thicker and usually wider.

Glossary:

English	Czech
Binding strip	Vázací páska, Cyklopáska
Cut-to-length line	Příčná dělící linka
Edge conditioning	Úprava hran
Flame cutting	Řezání plamenem
Ingot	Ingot
Leveler	Rovnačka
Quarto plate	Quarto plech
Reversing mill	Vratná stolice
Rotary shear	Kotoučové nůžky
Slitting line	Podélná dělící linka

Gallery:

Slitting Line	Slitting Line	Slitting Line	Slitting Line
Slitting Line	Cut-to-length Line	Cut-to-length Line	Cut-to-length Line
Plates

Sources:

Applebaum, M, Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Steel. A Glossary of Terms and Concepts, Summer 1998, Solomon Smith Barney Inc., 2000

Coigne, P., Construction Market, ArcelorMittal Brussels, ArcelorMittal University - Understanding Steel, 2009

Fousse, D.,Packaging, ArcelorMittal R&D Mezieres, ArcelorMittal University - Understanding Steel, 2009

Meseure, K., Product range - Flat carbon steel for industry, ArcelorMittal R&D Gent, ArcelorMittal University - Understanding Steel, 2009

Meseure, K., Steel Making, ArcelorMittal R&D Gent, ArcelorMittal University - Understanding Steel, 2009

Werme, A, Understanding Steel: Plates, ArcelorMittal University - Understanding Steel, 2009

ASTM International, Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled, General Requirements for, Designation: A 568/A 568M-01, 2002

PC Translator. CD-ROM. Korytná:LangSoft & SOFTEX Software, 2007

http://www.arcelormittal.com/fce

http://www.arvedi.it/

http://www.pdmsteel.com/index.html

http://www.steel.org/

http://www.steel-training.co.uk

http://www.stemcor.com/default.aspx

http://www.uss.com/corp/index.asp