Exercise 1 Repetition of initial plosives initial fortis p, t, k (the plosive is aspirated): initial lenis b, d, g (practically no voicing of the plosive): initial sp, st, sk (the plosive must be unaspirated): paw tea car pie toe care two key tar pay bee door go bear do gear boy dear bough day spy store ski spare steer score spear stay sky spar Exercise 2 Repetition of final plosives In the pairs of words in this exercise one word ends with a fortis plosive and the other ends with a lenis plosive. Notice the length difference in the vowel. Listen to each pair and repeat: fortis followed by lenis: mate made rope robe leak league cart card back bag lenis followed by fortis: code coat bid bit lobe lope heard hurt brogue broke Exercise 3 Identification of final plosives You will hear the twenty words of Exercise 2. Each will be one of a pair. You must choose whether the word is the one ending with a fortis plosive or the one ending with a lenis plosive; when you hear the word, say "fortis" if you heard the word on the left, or "lenis" if you heard the word on the right. You will then hear the correct answer and the word will be said again for you to repeat. Example: 'coat' coat code mate made leak league coat code hurt heard leak league bit bid rope robe mate made hurt heard lope lobe broke brogue back bag lope lobe cart card bit bid broke brogue back bag rope robe cart card Each of the words which follow ends with a plosive. Write the symbol far each plosive when you hear the word. Each will be said twice. (1 ... 10) Check your answers. l.[ ]2.[ ]3.[ ]4.[ ]5.[ ]6.[ ]7.[ ]8.[ ] 9. [ ] 10.[ ] Exercise 4 Repetition of words containing plosives The following words contain several plosives. Listen and repeat: potato topic petticoat partake cupboard decapitated pocket carpeted bodyguard tobacco doubted decode bigoted about Ibl Say what happened to this person. My brother had a bad time last winter. In September, his bicyde was stolen. In October, he lost his job. In November, his bungalow was burgled. In December, nobody remembered his birthday. In February, he broke his elbow. /p, b/ Practise this conversation in a travel agent's. A: Good morning. I'd like to book a cheap spring holiday. What package holidays are available? B: There's a splendid holiday in Paris. A: I expect Paris is expensive! B: There is a cheap period between November and February. You can compare our prices with other companies. Ours are cheaper. A: But I don't want to go in February. I'd prefer April. B: Well, April in Paris is beautiful. But it's very popular. Most package tours in April are fully booked. A: Yes, I remember my neighbour went to Paris in April. She belongs to a travel club. It was beautiful. But the airport was very busy. What other places are available in April? B: Here's a brochure, with all the places and prices. A: Right, I'll probably be back tomorrow. Goodbye. It, dl Practise this conversation in a library. A: Good afternoon. I've just joined the library. How many books can I take out? B: You can take two books, and keep them for ten days. After that, if you have finished them, you return them. If you haven't finished, you can renew them. A: How do I do that? Must I visit the library? B: No, you can telephone. Tell us the titles of the books, and the date they are due for return. A: Splendid. Can you tell me where to find Thomas Hardy's books? I'm studying Victorian writers. I've read two of Thomas Hardy's books - Tess of the D 'Urbevilles, andFarfrom the Madding Crowd. Today I want A Tale of Two Cities, or David Copperfield. B: Actually^ Tale of Two Cities andDavid Copperfield are by Charles Dickens. /k/ Practise this conversation. A: How many cups of tea and coffee do you drink each day? B: I'll count them. I drink two cups of coffee at breakfast. In the morning break, I drink another cup of coffee. In the tea break at three o'clock, I have a cup of tea and a biscuit. When I get in from work, I drink a couple of cups of tea. And later in the evening, I drink another cup of coffee. A: So that's four cups of coffee, and three cups of tea. B: Yes. And if I'm working late, I have a couple of cups of coffee to keep me awake. Igl Practise this conversation. A: I want to improve my English. Is it a good idea to go to a language school in August? B: I went to an English summer school a year ago. It was at the Gold School of English. A: Was it good? B: Yes, very good. There were grammar lessons. And regular progress tests. And we also played games. That was great. A: What sort of games? B: Guessing games, for example. A simple game is the Bag Game. One group has a big bag, and the other group guesses what's in the bag. It's a good game at the beginning, to get to know each other. A: Did you get to know the other students well? B: Yes. It wasn't a big group. I've forgotten exactly how many. We got on very well together. /k, g/ Practise this conversation between a husband and wife. A: I can't do all the housework and all the cooking. You've got to do more. B: You don't do all the housework and all the cooking. I cook the breakfast. A: And I clean the kitchen. B: I take the dog for a walk. A: I take the kids to school. B: I do the gardening. A: No you don't. I cut the grass. B: I dig the garden. A: Once a year, in August. B: I make you a cup of coffee every evening. A: I cook the supper. B: I clean the car. A: I pick up your things. B: OK. Let's change over. I'll pick up my own things. And you can clean the car. A: You can cook supper. B: You can make the coffee. A: You can cut the grass. B: You can dig the garden. A: Once a year, in August. You can take the kids to school. B: You can take the dog for a walk. A: You can clean the kitchen. B: And we'll give up cooked breakfasts. Ik, g/ Practise and match these sentences. Problems My car's broken down. Cats keep coming into my garden. My cousin has broken his leg. I've broken a glass in the kitchen. There's a cow in my garden. I've been bitten by a dog. I've forgotten Carol's address. I can't keep awake. My garden looks a mess. Solutions Call an ambulance. Cut the grass. Drink a cup of coffee. Call a mechanic. Look it up in the phone book. Get a dog. Pick it up carefully. Go to the doctor. Take a photograph.