§Czech Republic & Germany to the north, Hungary & Slovakia to the east, Slovenia & Italy to the
south, Switzerland & Liechtenstein to the west
§84,000 km2 , 8.6 million people
§Vienna (Constitutional Law on Neutrality 1955)
§25 million foreign tourists
Austria
Österreich or Republic Österreich
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/2000px-Flag_of_Austri
a.svg.png File:Austria in its region.svg
http://www.wineandvinesearch.com/austria/austria_regions.png

§Capital city of Vienna – abundant architectural monuments, cultural events, cafés & taverns called
Heuriger (specially licenced local winemakers serve their recent year wines)
n
Tourist attractions
https://trivienna.files.wordpress.com/2013/03/3-img_1240.jpg
http://www.licht2010.at/media/Besichtigungstour/thumbs/34.%20Heuriger.jpg
http://www.orangesmile.com/common/img_final_large/innsbruck_sightseeing.jpg
Insbruck
http://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/01/32/83/1f/hauptplatz-linz.jpg
Linz
http://en.hotel-messmer.at/var/wt/storage/images/bregenz-hafen.jpg/2304-3-ger-DE/bregenz-hafen.jpg.
jpg
Bregenz
http://media.novinky.cz/740/117406-original-bm0tg.jpg
https://slevomat.sgcdn.cz/images/t/660x330c/26/48/2648583-778be4.jpg

§Danube valley with vineyards such (Wachau or Dunkelsteinerwald)
§Bodensee (Lake Constance ), Neusiedler See, Wolfgangsee, Grundlsee, Wörthersee
§Austrian Alps
nature
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Heiligenblut_kirche2.jpg/1280px-Heiligenb
lut_kirche2.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Vorderhopfreben_%C3%9Cntschenspitze_1.jpg
/1920px-Vorderhopfreben_%C3%9Cntschenspitze_1.jpg
https://www.viennasightseeing.at/fileadmin/_processed_/csm_1_Wachau-47__c__VIENNA_SIGHTSEEING_TOURS
_Bernhard_Luck_l_neu_990b9e061b.jpg http://www.bsb.de/files/bsb/images/galleria/galleria_5.jpg
Dunkelsteinerwald
Bodensee

§Nine cultural sites
§One transboundary with Hungary
§One  with France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia & Switzerland
Unesco world heritage sites
http://www.alpina-snowmobiles.com/public/131016-160813-Ammererhof_Huette.jpg
https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/b1/e2/58/b1e258d73c620103c56e20bdff874277.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Wiener-Schnitzel02.jpg/1024px-Wiener-Schn
itzel02.jpg

§Serial property of 111 small individual sites
§Austria 5 sites, France (11), Germany (18), Italy (19), Slovenia (2) & Switzerland (56)
§Remains of prehistoric pile-dwelling (stilt house) settlements
§Built from around 5000 to 500 BC on the edges of lakes, rivers & wetlands
§Well-preserved & culturally rich archaeological sites (study of early agrarian societies in the
region)
Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps
http://www.worldheritagesite.org/pics/w1363s3.jpg

§Attractive setting & scenic Alpine backdrop, birthplace of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
§City-state ruled by prince-archbishop of the Holy Roman Empire (until beginning of 19c)
§Blend of Gothic & Baroque style buildings – Cathedral (17c), Hohensalzburg Castle (one of largest
in Europe, atop Festungberg), Franciscan Church (13c), St Peter’s Abbey (Benedictine, 696 by Saint
Rupert), Nonnberg Abbey (Benedictine, around 710), Salzburg Residenz (Prince-Archbishops)
     Historic Centre of the City of Salzburg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Salzburg_-_Panorama_%28nachts%292.jpg/128
0px-Salzburg_-_Panorama_%28nachts%292.jpg
http://aminus3.s3.amazonaws.com/image/g0006/u00005769/i01632003/78cabc4e81143b2926a59e11afcb3220_la
rge.jpg
Nonnberg Abbey
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Salzburg_Residenz_7.jpg/800px-Salzburg_Re
sidenz_7.jpg
http://www.mozartkugel.at/service/%7E/media/Mozartkugel/at/Images/Service/Mirabell%20Echte%20Salzbu
rger%20Mozartkugel_CMYK_300dpi
Cathedral
Franciscan Church
St Peter’s Abbey

§Salzkammergut – resort area from Salzburg along Alpine foreland to Dachstein Mountains
§Towns of Hallstatt, Obertraun, Gosau, Bad Goisern & their surroundings
§Region – result of human activity since prehistoric times (2 millennium BC, salt deposits)
§Glacial lakes & mountains (Salzkammergut, Dachstein, Totes Gebirge & Upper Austrian Pre-Alps)
Hallstatt-Dachstein / Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/1_hallstatt_austria.jpg/1280px-1_hallstat
t_austria.jpg Dachsteingosau.JPG
http://cdn.hallstatt.net/assets/Obertraun/Artikel/obertraun/aktiv/wanderzeit/obertraun/panoramablic
k-wasserfallwand/wasserfallwand-obertraun/_resampled/WebsitePicture-obertraun-wasserfallwand-hallst
aettersee-23.jpg http://www.mariadraper.com/Portfolio/alpine1/images/IMG_1311.jpg
Hallstatt
Obertraun
Gosau
Dachstein

§40 kilometres long valley along River Danube between Melk & Krems (settled in prehistoric times)
§Ancient monasteries (Benedictine Abbey of Melk, Göttweig Abbey), castles (Renaissance Schallaburg
Castle), ruins (Aggstein Castle), towns & villages, terraced vineyards
§Dürnstein with ruin of castle (Richard the Lion-Heart imprisoned)
Wachau Cultural Landscape
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/D%C3%BCrnstein_2004.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8b/Durnstein_castle%2C_close-up.jpg/800px-Durnste
in_castle%2C_close-up.jpg
Dürnstein
http://www.bundesheer.at/pool/img/2009-november_stift-goettweig.jpg
http://www.travelandleisure.com/sites/default/files/styles/1600x1000/public/austria0315-valley_0.jp
g?itok=t6ad-x9D Stift melk 001.jpg
Melk
Göttweig
https://quentinsadler.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/dw_wachau_schiff_1.jpg

§Roman castrum – fortified frontier city Vindobona (15 BC, on site of earlier Celtic settlement)
§Capital of Duchy of Austria (12c), resident city of Habsburg dynasty (1440), capital of Holy Roman
Empire, capital of Austro-Hungarian Empire
§Ringstraße – boulevard surrounding historical town (19c – town walls  pulled down, lined with
public & private buildings, monuments & parks) – twin museums of Natural History & Fine Art, Vienna
State Opera (Wiener Staatsoper), Imperial Court Theatre (Burgtheater), Parliament
Historic Centre of Vienna
https://www.wien.info/media/headers/1-8-150-jahre-ringstrasse-40702.jpg/image_header-medium
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Wiener_Staatsoper_abend.jpg
Staatsoper
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Burgtheater_Weitwinkel.jpg/1920px-Burgthe
ater_Weitwinkel.jpg
Burgtheater
Naturhistorische & Kunsthistorische Museums
Parliament
http://orig08.deviantart.net/12de/f/2013/320/2/4/vienna_parliament_by_agivega-d6ugzht.jpg
Parliament

§Ringstraße – Town Hall (Rathaus), Hofburg Palace (13c, imperial palace, principal winter residence
of Habsburgs), Imperial Chapel (Hofkapelle/Burgkapelle),  Austrian National Library
(Hofbibliothek), Imperial Treasury (Schatzkammer)
Historic Centre of Vienna
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Rathaus_Vienna_June_2006_165.jpg/1024px-R
athaus_Vienna_June_2006_165.jpg
Rathaus
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Wien_-_Hofburgkapelle.JPG/1280px-Wien_-_H
ofburgkapelle.JPG
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Imperial_Crown_Orb_and_Sceptre_of_Austria_%28Im
perial_Treasury%29.jpg http://www.objevtepolsko.cz/userfiles/image/fotogalerie/pics/Hofburg.jpg
Hofburg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Austrian_National_Library,_Vienna.JPG
Hofbibliotek

§Cathedral of Saint Stephen (Stephansdom) – seat of Archbishop, symbol of the city (14c)
§Church of Saint Rupert (Ruprechtskirche) – Saint Rupert of Salzburg (patron saint of salt
merchants of Vienna, oldest – 8/9c), Karlskirche (18c)
Historic Centre of Vienna
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Wien_-_Stephansdom_%282%29.JPG/800px-Wien
_-_Stephansdom_%282%29.JPG
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Karlskirche%2C_Vienna.jpg/1280px-Karlskir
che%2C_Vienna.jpg Wien - Ruprechtskirche.JPG
http://www.planetware.com/photos-large/A/interior-stephansdom.jpg
http://i1.stay.com/i/pZzdDVY1NFy90GZiwquEHToE1y0=/C960x640/venue/138/01/4525786.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Stephansdom_Wien_2009_61.JPG

§Former imperial summer residence of Habsburg emperors (from 17c until 1918, 1,441-rooms)
§Baroque Palace (designed & built by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach & later by Nicolaus
Pacassi)
§French garden (sculptures, maze, orangery, palm house, botanical garden), English garden
§Tiergarten – imperial menagerie (1752 – oldest ZOO in the world)
Palace and Gardens of Schönbrunn
Schloss Schönbrunn Wien 2014 (Zuschnitt 2).jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/15-04-18-Schlo%C3%9F-Sch%C3%B6nbrunn-Gro%
C3%9Fer-Saal-DSCF3688-RalfR.jpg/1280px-15-04-18-Schlo%C3%9F-Sch%C3%B6nbrunn-Gro%C3%9Fer-Saal-DSCF36
88-RalfR.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Sch%C3%B6nbrunn_Blick_auf_Gloriette.jpg/1
280px-Sch%C3%B6nbrunn_Blick_auf_Gloriette.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Roman_Ruin_-_Sch%C3%B6nbrunn.jpg/1280px-R
oman_Ruin_-_Sch%C3%B6nbrunn.jpg

§Lake Neusiedel (Fertö in Hungarian) – second largest Endorheic lake in Central Europe (retains
water & allows no outflow to external bodies of water, converges into lakes or swamps, permanent or
seasonal)
§Covers 315 km2 (75 on Hungarian side), no more than 1.8 m deep, surrounded by reeds (resting place
for migratory birds)
§Rural architecture of villages & several 18-19c palaces
Fertö / Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Rust1.jpg/1920px-Rust1.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Fert%C5%91sz%C3%A9plak_T%C3%A1jh%C3%A1zak
.jpg/1280px-Fert%C5%91sz%C3%A9plak_T%C3%A1jh%C3%A1zak.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Nagycenk_kast%C3%A9ly.jpg/1280px-Nagycenk
_kast%C3%A9ly.jpg https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Fert%C5%91r%C3%A1kos_z03.jpg
http://travelintense.com/wp-content/uploads/lakeneusiedl_birds.jpg Výsledek obrázku pro Lake
Neusiedl birds

§1848 – 1854, 41 km of high rugged mountains (buildings designed for leisure activities along the
way)
§Tunnels, viaducts & other works still fully functional as part of South Railway
§ʽFirst  true mountain railwayʼ in the world (very difficult terrain & considerable altitude)
Semmering Railway
https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/loco2-uploads-production/uploads/536.?1406117112
http://www.tourismus-payerbach.at/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/20111123111625298_0002-2.jpg
http://workbreaktravel.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Semmering-Railway.jpg
http://www.yutzu.com/static_media/images/topics/8633/2648863482_d689a1029f.jpg

§Residence of Inner Austrian line of Habsburg (14c)
§Cultural borderland between Central Europe, Italy & the Balkan → absorbed various influences
§Old Town, Castle Eggenberg (Alte Galerie, landscape park with Lapidarium of Roman stonework)
§
City of Graz – Historic Centre and Schloss Eggenberg
A short but large clock tower shines at dawn.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Historic_City_Center_of_Graz.jpg/1280px-H
istoric_City_Center_of_Graz.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Graz-hauptplatz01s.jpg/1920px-Graz-hauptp
latz01s.jpg
https://www.museum-joanneum.at/fileadmin/user_upload/Presse/Standorte/Abbildungen/Schloss_Eggenberg
/Schloss_und_Park.jpg
http://www.graz.at/cms/bilder/56520/80/150/113/4c964e86/Eggenberg_Schloss_Planetengarten_01.jpg?W=9
00 https://www.museum-joanneum.at/fileadmin/user_upload/joanneum-to-rent/11034.jpg

§Outstanding examples of ongoing post-glacial biological & ecological evolution of ecosystems
§Pure stands of European beech across variety of environmental conditions (all altitudinal zones
from seashore up to forest line in mountains)
§Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians
§Ancient Beech Forests of Austria (Kalkalpen and Dürrenstein)
http://www.39whcbonn2015.de/fileadmin/media/Bilder/Unterseiten/D-Pano_Buchenwaelder01.jpg
http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/WHC/30212320.jpg
Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and the Ancient Beech Forests of Germany

§2 century AD to defend Roman Empire from the ‘barbarians’; Limes Romanus – 7,500 km
§47 localities, most underground
§Carnutum, Mautern, Traismauer, Tulln, Zeiselmauer…
§
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Wien.Hofburg10.jpg/1024px-Wien.Hofburg10.
jpg
Mautern
Frontiers of the roman empire – Danube lime

 Belgium (Spa), France (Vichy), Germany (Bad Ems, Baden-BadenBad Kissingen), Italy (Montecatini
Terme), UK (Bath), CR (KV, ML, FL)
18
§11 spas, 7 countries
§Baden bei Wien
Great spa towns of europe

Thank you for attention