§North Sea, Denmark & the Baltic Sea to the north, Poland & the Czech Republic to the east, Austria
& Switzerland to the south, France, Luxembourg, Belgium & the Netherlands to the west
§357,000 km2, 81 million people
§Berlin
§16 states (Bundesländer), three of them are city-states, i.e. Berlin, Bremen & Hamburg
§31.5 million foreign tourists
Germany
Deutschland or Bundesrepublik Deutschland
File:Germany in its region.svg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2_aspect_ratio%29.sv
g/2000px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2_aspect_ratio%29.svg.png
http://www.maps-of-europe.net/maps/maps-of-germany/detailed-administrative-map-of-germany.jpg
http://www.maps-of-europe.net/maps/maps-of-germany/detailed-administrative-map-of-germany.jpg
http://www.maps-of-europe.net/maps/maps-of-germany/detailed-administrative-map-of-germany.jpg
http://www.maps-of-europe.net/maps/maps-of-germany/detailed-administrative-map-of-germany.jpg
http://www.maps-of-europe.net/maps/maps-of-germany/detailed-administrative-map-of-germany.jpg
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Edeuham/gifs/landkartebrd.gif
http://www.maps-of-europe.net/maps/maps-of-germany/detailed-administrative-map-of-germany.jpg

Northern Germany
§Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen, Hanover), Schleswig-Holstein (Kiel), Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
(Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Schwerin), Bremen & Hamburg
§Flat landscape of North German Plain, hills & coastline of the North & Baltic Sea (Ostseeküste) &
islands (Rügen & Usedom)
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Edeuham/gifs/landkartebrd.gif
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Edeuham/gifs/landkartebrd.gif
http://www.fotos-aus-der-luft.de/luftbild/30209-2/Kiel_Mitte_01
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Marketchurchhannover.jpg/1280px-Marketchu
rchhannover.jpg
Kiel
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Schwerin_Castle_Aerial_View_Island_Luftbi
ld_Schweriner_Schloss_Insel_See.jpg/800px-Schwerin_Castle_Aerial_View_Island_Luftbild_Schweriner_Sc
hloss_Insel_See.jpg
http://s2.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/staedte/bremen_2/Bremen_Marktplatz_78_RET
_1024x768.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Freedom-of-the-Seas--in-Hamburg.jpg/1280p
x-Freedom-of-the-Seas--in-Hamburg.jpg
Hamburg
Hanover
Schwerin
Bremen

Northern Germany
http://www.ostseeurlaub-online.de/ostseekueste/fotos/boergerende-ostseekueste-gross.jpg
Ostseeküste
https://www.suwena.net/sites/default/files/images/IMG_4758e.JPG
Rügen
http://www.balticsea.travel/uploads/tx_tbsavemaplink/800_354_Ahlbeck_on_the_island_of_Usedom_01.jpg
Usedom
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Totengrund_seitlich_Seitenlicht.jpg/1280p
x-Totengrund_seitlich_Seitenlicht.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Deutschland_topo.jpg/800px-Deutschland_to
po.jpg
Lower Saxony
§Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen, Hanover), Schleswig-Holstein (Kiel), Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
(Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Schwerin), Bremen & Hamburg
§Flat landscape of North German Plain, hills & coastline of the North & Baltic Sea (Ostseeküste) &
islands (Rügen & Usedom)

Western Germany
§North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Düsseldorf), Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz,
Mainz) & Saarland (Saarbrücken)
§Rhine Valley & Moselle Valley (wine country & fruit growing)
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Edeuham/gifs/landkartebrd.gif
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Edeuham/gifs/landkartebrd.gif
https://fangsofie.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/wpid-duesseldorf-altstadt-effdbfc0-3b1c-4404-89b1-1db
ed5391e34.jpg
http://travel.tickets.ua.s3.amazonaws.com/upload_post_images/5e33df39aef5d2e4762ba3da9b62b156.jpg
http://c3039282.cdn.cloudfiles.rackspacecloud.com/homepage/rhinegorge.jpg
http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2013/04/12/article-2239925-19424308000005DC-473_634x496.jpg
Moselle Valley
Rhine Valley
Saarbrücken
Mainz
Düsseldorf

Central Germany
§Hesse (Hessen, Wiesbaden) & Thuringia (Thüringen, Erfurt)
§Hilly rural areas (green heart of Germany, fields & forests), ancient Thuringian Forest (range of
rounded mountains), Großer Beerberg (982 metres) & Wartburg Castle
§
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Edeuham/gifs/landkartebrd.gif
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Edeuham/gifs/landkartebrd.gif
http://www.blogcdn.com/travel.aol.co.uk/media/2011/04/wiesbaden-germany-470a-050509.jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-e32hHkrC8eE/UPLL0YVpD5I/AAAAAAAAEB0/1vmGlxx7U3g/s1600/Erfurt+Merchants+Br
idge+Kr%C3%A4merbr%C3%BCcke.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Erfurt_cathedral_and_severi_church.jpg
Wiesbaden
Erfurt
Grosser Beerberg.jpg Wartburg Eisenach DSCN3512.jpg
Erfurt

Eastern Germany
§Saxony-Anhalt (Sachsen-Anhalt, Magdeburg), Brandenburg (Potsdam), Saxony (Sachsen, Dresden) &
Berlin
§Harz (low mountain range famous for historic silver mines), Saxon Switzerland
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Edeuham/gifs/landkartebrd.gif
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Edeuham/gifs/landkartebrd.gif
http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/97/101797-004-696AC7E6.jpg
Magdeburg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Basteibr%C3%BCcke_morgens_%28Zuschnitt%29
.jpg/1280px-Basteibr%C3%BCcke_morgens_%28Zuschnitt%29.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Wernigerode_%282013-06-03%29%2C_by_Klugsc
hnacker_in_Wikipedia_%2814%29.JPG/1280px-Wernigerode_%282013-06-03%29%2C_by_Klugschnacker_in_Wikipe
dia_%2814%29.JPG
Wernigerode
Saxon Switzerland
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Dresden-nightpanorama-dri.jpg/1920px-Dres
den-nightpanorama-dri.jpg
Dresden
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Cecilienhof_in_Postdam.jpg/1280px-Cecilie
nhof_in_Postdam.jpg
Cecilienhof (Potsdam Conference)

Southern Germany
§Baden-Württemberg (Stuttgart) & Bavaria (Bayern, Munich)
§Black Forest (Schwarzwald), Franconian Switzerland (Fränkische Schweiz), Franconian Lake District,
Bavarian Forest, Bavarian Alps (Bayerische Alpen, Zugspitze 2,962 m) & Lake Constance (Bodensee),
Neuschwanstein Castle (19c, Neo-Romanesque)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Zugspitze_Westansicht.JPG/1280px-Zugspitz
e_Westansicht.JPG http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Edeuham/gifs/landkartebrd.gif
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/%7Edeuham/gifs/landkartebrd.gif
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/AltesSchlossStuttgart.JPG/1280px-AltesSch
lossStuttgart.JPG
Stuttgart
http://www.naturpark-suedschwarzwald.de/sites/default/files/imagecache/fancybox_full/bilder/basisse
iten/maiwasmer.jpg
Schwarzwald
Munich
Munich
https://image.jimcdn.com/app/cms/image/transf/dimension=697x10000:format=jpg/path/s7080389687275101
/image/i128a995436bff673/version/1434912455/ein-karstfelsen-auf-und-an-den-sich-fachwerkh%C3%A4user
-schmiegen-detektei-franken.jpg
Fränkische Schweiz
http://www.historia.ro/sites/default/files/2017bg1.jpg

Berlin
§Banks of rivers Spree & Havel (crossing of two important historic trade routes, first documented
in 13c)
§Capital of Brandenburg, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Weimar Republic & Third Reich
§Large parts destroyed in 1943-45 air raids & during Battle of Berlin
§After War – East Berlin & West Berlin (West German exclave, Berlin Wall, 1961–1989, 1990
reunification )
http://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/thumbnails/image/2014/11/07/11/Berlin%20wall%20map.jpg
https://www.deutschland.de/sites/default/files/styles/stage/public/field_visuals/fall-of-the-wall-g
dr-berlin-wall-chris-gueffroy_a.jpg?itok=0GtT_TcX
https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/db/89/5f/db895ff558533d0bd423332a190f2096.jpg
http://media.cleveland.com/photogallery/photo/2013/02/12351983-standard.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Berlin_Eiermann_Memorial_Church.JPG/800px
-Berlin_Eiermann_Memorial_Church.JPG
http://ww2today.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Berlin-bomb-damage.jpg
http://www.maxon.net/uploads/pics/artcom_mauer3_05.jpg
Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial

Berlin
§City Hall (Rotes Rathaus, 1860s)
§
§
§
§
§
§
§
§
§
§
§
§Brandenburg Gate (18c triumphal arch)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Berlin_Rotes_Rathaus_B.JPG/1280px-Berlin_
Rotes_Rathaus_B.JPG http://www.scherminator.com/germany/berlin/brandenburg/brandenburg2.jpg
§Reichstag (seat of Parliament)
§
§
§
§
§
§
§
§
§
§Charlottenburg Palace (17c, extensive gardens)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Schloss_Charlottenburg_Berlin_2007.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Reichstag_building_Berlin_view_from_west_
before_sunset.jpg/1920px-Reichstag_building_Berlin_view_from_west_before_sunset.jpg

Berlin
§Unter den Linden
§Embassies (British, Hungarian, or Russian)
§State Opera, Cathedral of Saint Hedwig, Humboldt University
§Palace Bridge (Schlossbrücke, connects Unter den Linden with Museum Island)
Berlin http://www.berlin.de/binaries/asset/image_assets/1871183/source/1425547642/418x316/
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Berlin,_Mitte,_Bebelplatz,_Hedwigskathedrale_02
.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Berlin_Schlossbruecke.jpg/1280px-Berlin_S
chlossbruecke.jpg
http://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de/wir_ueber_uns/fokus/zukunftsprojekte/pix/staatsoper_udl_foto_
hauptportal_1000px.jpg
https://www.hu-berlin.de/pr/medien/multimedia/bilderservice/gebaeude/campus-mitte/hauptgebaeude/hau
ptgebaeude_0004_heike_zappe.jpg

Dresden
§Home to many Saxon princes & kings (many buildings & art collections testify to their extreme
wealth)
§¾ of historical centre destroyed by allied bombing in 1945
§Church of Our Lady (Frauenkirche) – severely damaged, remained in ruins for many years
§Topped with gold cupola donated from the UK, historic centre was also rebuilt
§
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-Z0309-310%2C_Zerst%C3%B6r
tes_Dresden.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Frauenkirche_interior_2008_001-Frauenkirche_int
erior_2008_009.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Aerial_photo_Dresden_re-construction_of_t
he_Church_of_Our_Lady_Frauenkirche_photo_2008_Wolfgang_Pehlemann_Wiesbaden_Germany_HSBD4382.jpg/800
px-Aerial_photo_Dresden_re-construction_of_the_Church_of_Our_Lady_Frauenkirche_photo_2008_Wolfgang_
Pehlemann_Wiesbaden_Germany_HSBD4382.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/FraunkircheSouth.jpg/800px-FraunkircheSou
th.jpg https://deanoworldtravels.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/frauenkirche-dresden-1950s.png
http://static.panoramio.com/photos/large/54836485.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Cort%C3%A8ge_des_Princes.jpg/1280px-Cort%
C3%A8ge_des_Princes.jpg
Fürstenzug

Nuremberg
§Typical German city
§Old Town (restored after bombing)
§Imperial Castle (Kaiserburg) – important residence of Holy Roman Emperors
§Documentation Centre & Courtroom 600 (venue of Nuremberg Trials)
http://www.scrical.it/wp-content/gallery/norimberga_reich/100_1881_Schwurgericht.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Nuremberg_Dokuzentrum.jpg/1280px-Nurember
g_Dokuzentrum.jpg http://www.journeymart.com/de/CityImages/kaiserburg-castle-nuremberg.jpg
http://www.tempoholidays.com/Portals/0/Germany/Germany-Rothenburg.jpg
http://www.dauerer.de/eug_/n_bayern/nbg_burg11.jpg
http://www.jndstravelog.com/Europe/Nurnberg2008/Images/CityWalls.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Nuremberg_in_Ruins_1945_HD-SN-99-02986.JP
EG/800px-Nuremberg_in_Ruins_1945_HD-SN-99-02986.JPEG

§49 cultural sites, three natural sites
§One transboundary with Denmark & Netherlands, one with Poland, one with UK, one with Slovakia &
Ukraine, one with Austria, France, Italy, Slovenia & Switzerland
Unesco world heritage sites
http://hqworld.net/gallery/data/media/127/village_of_bremm_on_the_moselle_river__germany.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Bingen_Basilika.jpg/800px-Bingen_Basilika
.jpg http://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/02/f3/46/b0/hotel-garni-maass.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/W%C3%BCrzburger_Residenz%2C_Gartenfront.j
pg/1920px-W%C3%BCrzburger_Residenz%2C_Gartenfront.jpg

§Largest unbroken system of intertidal sand & mud flats in the world (10,000 km²)
§Between north-western coast of Europe & Frisian Islands (Wadden Sea Islands)
§From Den Helder (Netherlands), past river estuaries (Germany) to Skallingen (Denmark), 500 km
§Shallow body of water with tidal flats and wetlands, rich in biodiversity & transitional habitats
§Tidal channels, sandy shoals, sea-grass meadows, mussel beds, mudflats, marshes, beaches, dunes
§Numerous plant & animal species (seals, harbour porpoise, migratory birds)
Wadden sea
http://whenonearth.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/wadden-sea-denmark-woe2-690x458.jpg
http://www.waddensea-secretariat.org/sites/default/files/downloads/map.jpg
http://portfolio.lesoir.be/main.php?g2_view=core.DownloadItem&g2_itemId=399560
http://i302.photobucket.com/albums/nn95/sveta_by/LJ/4-29.jpg
http://wli.wwt.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/WLI-Waders-Haus-Husum1.jpg
http://www.waddensea-secretariat.org/sites/default/files/downloads/map.jpg
http://www.visitdenmark.co.uk/sites/default/files/styles/galleries_ratio/public/vdk_images/Attracti
ons-Activities-interest-accommodation-people-geo/Geography-places/The-regions/South-jylland/marskla
ndskab.jpg?itok=v5eY8tt_
http://whc.unesco.org/uploads/thumbs/site_1314_0022-500-333-20151104165928.jpg

Historic Centres of Stralsund and Wismar
§On Baltic coast, founded in 13c, major trading centres of Hanseatic League in 14-15c
§17 & 18c – became Swedish administrative & defensive centres for German territories
§Buildings of Brick Gothic – using fired brick (bricks shaped in different decorative forms)
§Stralsund – several brick cathedrals, Town Hall, houses for residential, commercial & crafts use
§Wismar – preserved medieval harbour basin
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Stralsund%2C_Altstadt_%282011-05-21%29_4.
JPG/1280px-Stralsund%2C_Altstadt_%282011-05-21%29_4.JPG Stralsund: Old Market Square with the Town
Hall and the Nikolaikirche https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Stralsund_Markt.jpg
Market Square with the waterworks from 1602 (Wasserkunst), landmark of Wismar
http://s3.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/altstaedte_stralsun
d_wismar_1/Wismar_Wassertor_1579_RET_300x0.jpg
https://s3.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/altstaedte_stralsu
nd_wismar_1/Wismar_AlterHafen_Wassertor_KircheStNikolai_c-FritzMader.jpg
Stralsund
Wismar

Hanseatic City of Lübeck
§Leading city of Hanseatic League (commercial & defensive confederation of merchant guilds & their
market towns that hold monopoly over trade of Baltic & North Sea), founded in 12c & prospered until
16c
§Old Town – medieval appearance with old buildings & narrow streets
§Cathedral (13c), Church of Virgin Mary (Marienkirche, 13c), Hospital of the Holy Spirit
(Heilig-Geist-Hospital, 13c), Holstentor & Burgtor (15c), Salzspeicher (salt stored before shipment
to Baltic ports, 16-18c)
Holstentor, emblem of the city
Holstentor
Lubeck panorama.JPG
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Stadssigill_foer_staden_Luebeck.png
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Luebeck-Rathaus_am_Markt_von_Suedwesten_g
esehen-20100905.jpg/1280px-Luebeck-Rathaus_am_Markt_von_Suedwesten_gesehen-20100905.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Luebeck-Heiligen-Geist-Hospital_von_Weste
n_gesehen-20100905.jpg/1280px-Luebeck-Heiligen-Geist-Hospital_von_Westen_gesehen-20100905.jpg
Hospital
File:Germany Luebeck overview north.jpg
Saint Mary
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/L%C3%BCbeck_Salzspeicher,_Wallstra%C3%9Fe.JPG
Town Hall

Speicherstadt and Kontorhaus District with Chilehaus
§Two urban areas in the centre of port city of Hamburg
§Speicherstadt – on group of narrow islands in the Elbe (1885-1927, historic ensemble of port
warehouses)
§15 huge warehouse blocks, ancillary buildings & connecting network of streets, canals & bridges
§Kontorhaus district – 8 very large office complexes (1920s-1940s, to house port-related
businesses)
§Modernist Chilehaus office building – one of most outstanding complexes within the district
A technical cross-section of houses and waterbodies. Phb dt 8257 Sprinkenhof.jpg
Kontorhaus
http://bueromarkt-hamburg.de/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/chilehausnacht.jpg
http://images.boomsbeat.com/data/images/full/85889/1-jpg.jpg
https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8798/16511220514_d7c851abc9_c.jpg Aerial view of warehouses pervaded
by loading canals and streets

Town Hall and Roland on the Marketplace of Bremen
§Old Town Hall – Gothic style, 15c (after Bremen joined Hanseatic League)
§Large windows, high gable, decoration of facade (17c, statues representing emperor & prince
electors)
§Ground floor – one large hall with oak pillars, upper floor – main festivity hall, underground
–wine cellar (one hall with stone pillars)
§Statue of Roland – symbol of market rights & privileges of free, imperial city of Bremen (5.5 m,
1404)
RolandBremen01.jpg
http://www.rathaus.bremen.de/fastmedia/12/thumbnails/Rathaus_au%DFen.jpg.38786.jpg
http://cdn.tomas-travel.com/btz/repository/DEU99999990021103028/DEU99999990027100431/DEU99999990036
559784.jpg
http://aviasovet.ru/blog/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE-%E2%84%96-162.jpg
http://previews.123rf.com/images/jorisvo/jorisvo1304/jorisvo130400060/19121469-Statues-at-the-Town-
Hall-Rathaus-of-Bremen-northwestern-Germany-These-statues-were-created-before-19-Stock-Photo.jpg

Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin
§Five museums on Museum Island (1824-1930, collections trace development of civilizations through
ages)
§Old Museum (Altes Museum, collections of antiquities), New Museum (Neues Museum, Egyptian,
Prehistory & Early History, bust of Nefertiti, 2009), Old National Gallery (Alte Nationgalerie),
Bode Museum (sculptures, late Antique & Byzantine art), Pergamon Museum (reconstructed monumental
buildings – Pergamon Altar, Market Gate of Miletus, Ishtar Gate of Babylon)
Berlin Museumsinsel Fernsehturm.jpg
Bode
Pergamon
Nofretete Neues Museum.jpg Alte Nationalgalerie abends (Zuschnitt).jpg
https://www.heiligenlexikon.de/Fotos/Paulus-Mission45.jpg
Markttor Milet
https://ilyastravelphotos.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/pergamonmuseum-1.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Pergamonmuseum_Pergamonaltar.jpg
Pergamon Altar
Galery

Berlin Modernism Housing Estates
§Siedlungen  - 6 housing estates, testify innovative housing policies (Weimar Republic – 1910-1933)
§Building reform movement (to improve housing & living conditions for people with low incomes)
§Novel approaches to town planning, architecture & garden design (technical & aesthetic
innovations)
§Tuschkastensiedlung (Paintbox Estate), Siedlung Schillerpark, Hufeisensiedlung (Horseshoe Estate),
Wohnstadt Carl Legien, Weiße Stadt (White City), Ringsiedlung (Ring Estate)
http://www2.robertharding.com/preview/RM/RH/HORIZONTAL/832-144659.jpg
Paintbox
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/20080715_14995_DSC01769_Siedlung_Schillerpark_B
ristolstra%C3%9Fe_5_bis_1.JPG
Schillerpark
https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/cb/40/be/cb40becacbf5e0376ae2ce4687ea3e2a.jpg
http://www.deutsche-wohnen.com/images/content/Wohnstadt_Carl_Legien_mit_Schrift_modern_Wolfgang_Bit
tner.jpg http://de.academic.ru/pictures/dewiki/50/2009-09-22-luftbild-berlin-by-RalfR-18.jpg
http://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de/pix/pressetool/denkmal_und_historie/siemensstadt_copy_lda_bit
tner_800.jpg http://www.deutsche-wohnen.com/images/content/siemensstadt.jpg
Horseshoe
Carl Legien
White City
Ring Estate
Ring Estate

       Palaces and Parks of Potsdam & Berlin
§Potsdam to Berlin-Zehlendorf, 5 km2 of parks & 150 buildings (banks of River Havel & Lake
Glienicke), region of rivers, lakes, & hills, ensemble of architecture & landscape gardening,
1730-1916
§Potsdam – residence of Prussian kings (1918), New Garden, Park of Babelsberg & other grounds
§Sanssouci, New & Linstedt Palace, Charlottenhof, Alexandrowka (Russian colony), Bornstedt
(artificial Italian village), Klein-Glienicke (artificial Swiss village), etc.
Palace Sanssouci
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Schlosspark_Babelsberg_Blick_Glienicker_B
ruecke.jpg/1280px-Schlosspark_Babelsberg_Blick_Glienicker_Bruecke.jpg
Park Babelsberg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Schloss_Babelsberg.jpg
https://c1.staticflickr.com/9/8121/8609501084_dec8d83a86.jpg
https://c1.staticflickr.com/9/8121/8609501084_dec8d83a86.jpg
Babelsberg Palace
https://web.stanford.edu/dept/german/berlin_class/archives/schinkel_images/charlottenhof.jpg
Charlottenhof Palace &Park
https://c1.staticflickr.com/3/2787/4531984618_aa7c6fdacf_b.jpg New Garden (Neuer Garten) Park in
Potsdam (Berlin, Germany)
New Garden
Cecilienhof  Palace
Sanssousi

Muskauer Park / Park Muzakowski
§Extensive landscape park, Lusatian Neisse valley (5.6 km2, border between Poland & Germany,
1815-1844)
§Blends with surrounding farmed landscape (use of local plants to enrich qualities of existing
landscape)
§Extends into town of Muskau – green passages created urban parks; extraordinary simplicity
§Also features reconstructed castle, bridges, forested areas & arboretum
1024 2012-1-sept-5088.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Park_von_Muskau_in_%C5%81%C4%99knica_und_
Bad_Muskau.jpg/1280px-Park_von_Muskau_in_%C5%81%C4%99knica_und_Bad_Muskau.jpg Park Muzakowski2.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Bad_Muskau_-_Park_29_ies.jpg
http://static.panoramio.com/photos/original/72129490.jpg
http://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/01/8f/9e/39/furst-puckler-park-wasserfall.jpg

Luther Memorials in Eisleben and Wittenberg
§Places associated with lives of Martin Luther & his fellow-reformer Melanchthon
§Wittenberg – Luther’s room & Melanchthon’s house
§Castle church (where Luther posted his “95 Theses” in 1517 that launched the Reformation)
§Eisleben – house where Luther was born (1483) & died (1546)
§
Wittenberg
http://wingsofeaglesct.com/MARTIN_LUTHER/LUTHER_IMAGES/monast_wittenberg.jpg
http://c1038.r38.cf3.rackcdn.com/group5/building46076/media/VON-M-LSH-001.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Wittenberg_Schlosskirche_Thesentuer.JPG/8
00px-Wittenberg_Schlosskirche_Thesentuer.JPG
http://media3.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/photo/gallery/090729/GAL-09Jul29-2383/media/PHO-09Jul29-172
031.jpg
Luther’s house
http://s3.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/luthergedenkstaette
n_eisleben_wittenberg_1/Eisleben_Luthers-Sterbehaus-Bahrtuch_RET_1024x768.jpg
Wittenberg – Castle church
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Statue_Marktplatz_%28Wittenberg%29_Martin_Luthe
r.jpg
Luther
http://www.luther2017.de/fileadmin/luther2017/images/artikelbilder_erleben/Melanchthonhaus-Strassen
ansicht_520.jpg
Melanchthon’s house
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Statue_Marktplatz_%28Wittenberg%29_Philipp_Mela
nchthon.jpg
Melanchthon

       Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz
§Landscape design & planning of Enlightenment (18 century)
§English landscaped parks & gardens, modified areas of agricultural land
§Wörlitz, Lusium & Georgium Castles (1770-1780s), Riesigk, Wörlitz & Vockerode Churches (1800s)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Dessau_Georgium.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/W%C3%B6rlitz_Schloss.jpg/1024px-W%C3%B6rl
itz_Schloss.jpg http://cdn.eupedia.com/images/content/woerlitz-1.jpg
https://neobilgidotcom2.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/en-gc3bczel-bahc3a7e-almanya-3.jpg
http://www.dw.com/image/0,,5613256_4,00.jpg
https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/77/8f/de/778fdef2579468f070a46730194a1655.jpg
Georgium
Luisium
Wörlitz
http://www.lda-lsa.de/uploads/pics/6_Woerlitz_Insel_Stein_Villa-Hamilton_01.jpg

Collegiate Church, Castle and Old Town of Quedlinburg
§Coronation of Henry I (876-936, first German King from Saxonian dynasty) → capital of East
Franconian German Empire (“metropolis of the Reich” of first German state), flourishing trading
town (Middle Ages)
§Originated from castle village & several separate settlements
§Town wall (1330), timber-framed medieval buildings, Church of Saint Servatius (basilica floor
plan, 11/12c, crypt with cross vaults, capitals, tombs & murals)
http://s2.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/stiftskirche_schlos
s_altstadt_quedlinburg_1/HistorischesRathaus_RET.jpg
http://static.panoramio.com/photos/large/33092567.jpg
https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/6c/df/58/6cdf586a811805b6edc244ce43ea92d6.jpg
http://www.transromanica.com/c_poi/85-2-quedlinburg1b.jpg
https://beyondthedarkages.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/quedlinburg_krypta_der_stiftskirche_st-servat
ii.jpg?w=748
http://s2.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/stiftskirche_schlos
s_altstadt_quedlinburg_1/Krypta_romanischen-Stiftskirche_2_RET.jpg
Castle & Church

Mines of Rammelsberg, Historic Town of Goslar and Upper Harz Water Management System
§Rammelsberg – large mining & metallurgical complex for non-ferrous metals in Europe (silver,
copper, lead & tin, existed since ancient times), in continuous use since Middle Ages
§Upper Harz mining water management system – developed over 800 years (to help extracting ore)
§Complex system of artificial ponds, channels, tunnels & underground drains
§Goslar –Hanseatic League, historic centre (perfectly preserved, 1,500 timber-framed houses,
15-19c)
n
Goslar - UNESCO-Weltkulturerbe Rammelsberg (03-2).jpg Teiche Buntenbock.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Gewoelbebogen.JPG/800px-Gewoelbebogen.JPG
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Regulierung-wasserregal.jpg
http://www.niedersachsen-tourism.com/images/w/l/l/a/m/3/e/s/2/c/4/-/the-peter-street-in-the-histori
c-center-of-goslar.jpeg http://www.goslar.de/images/slider/05rathaus.jpg
http://www.hivino.travel/assets/uploads/escapes/391/k-goslar76640116.jpg
https://practicingtravel.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/hahnenkleebraunschweig-069.jpg

St Mary’s Cathedral and St Michael’s Church at Hildesheim
§Benedictine abbey Church of Saint Michael – one of key medieval monuments of art (1010-1020)
§Symmetrical plan with two apses (Ottonian Romanesque), wooden ceiling, painted stucco-work, bronze
doors & Bernward bronze column (1020, spiral decor – scenes from New Testament)
§Cathedral of Saint Mary – rebuilt after 1046 fire, original crypt, nave, bronze doors (1015,
events from the book of Genesis & life of Christ)
File:Hildesheimer Dom 2015.JPG
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/DomHildesheim.jpg/1024px-DomHildesheim.jp
g http://www.dom-hildesheim.de/sites/default/files/content/images/Krypta2_0.jpg Michaeliskirche:
View from southeast. https://c2.staticflickr.com/8/7166/6596654407_d7f88f4683_b.jpg
http://s2.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/dom_michaeliskirche
_hildesheim_1/Christussaeule_c-HildesheimMarketing.jpg
http://www.images.bistum-hildesheim.de/1/10/4/84691107795745684514.jpg
Saint Mary
https://s3.amazonaws.com/classconnection/587/flashcards/5877587/png/the_temptation_and_fall-1499CBF
1A334E3261E8.png
Saint Michael

Fagus Factory in Alfeld
§Ten-building complex, built around 1910, design of Walter Gropius
§Serves all stages of manufacture, storage & dispatch used by shoe industry (still operational)
§Innovative use of walls of vast glass panels combined with reduced load-bearing structure
A very long building with a semi-circular roof.
http://worldheritage.si.edu/assets/img/fagus/fagus1_sm.jpg

Carolingian Westwork and Civitas Corvey
§Imperial Abbey of Corvey – Benedictine abbey (840s-1792, dissolved, converted into
prince-bishopric)
§1803 – secularised → some buildings rebuilt into palace, abbey church rebuilt Baroque
§Westwork (west front) of abbey – two bare-stone towers (only standing structure from  Carolingian
era, fortified monastery district – preserved as archaeological remains)
Corvey 2.png Corvey Westwerk 2.jpg http://www.dw.com/image/0,,17712275_303,00.jpg
https://c2.staticflickr.com/4/3750/9757824356_42a0ee4d8d_b.jpg
http://i1.trekearth.com/photos/28323/corvey_kirche1.jpg
http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/ERI/images/whc2014_germany_carolingian01.jpg

Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe
§Landscape park in Kassel (2.4 km2 – largest European hillside park, started 1696 & took about 150
years)
§Baroque style of French garden, later re-arranged into English landscape park
§Stretches up to Karlsberg Mountain, Hercules monument on the top, water runs down in 350-m long
Grand Cascade (from Hercules monument to Wilhelmshöhe Castle)
§System of channels & waterways feeds series of waterfalls, rapids, Grand Fountain, lake & ponds
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Wilhelmshoehe_-_Herkules_mit_Kaskaden.jpg
/800px-Wilhelmshoehe_-_Herkules_mit_Kaskaden.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/1010_L%C3%B6wenburg_Bergpark_Kassel.jpg/1
280px-1010_L%C3%B6wenburg_Bergpark_Kassel.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Bergpark_wilhelmshoehe_aquaedukt_1.jpg
http://www.urlaubsziele.com/bild/sehenswuerdigkeiten/2175/herkules-100.jpg
http://www.bad-wilhelmshoehe.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Font%C3%A4ne.jpg
https://c2.staticflickr.com/8/7294/9506077989_0d259e4810_b.jpg
http://ourworldheritage.be/onewebstatic/fb162e0463-Heritage_images-Wilhelmshohe_WH-Wilh7.JPG

Wartburg Castle
§Fortress of the Landgraves of Thuringia
§Hovering app 400 metres above countryside, forest surroundings, in many ways “the ideal castle”
§Some original sections & ornamentation from 12c, current appearance – 19c reconstructions
§Symbol of the nation past & present
http://cdn4.vtourist.com/19/4560317-Wartburg_castle_Eisenach.jpg A castle perched along the edge of
a wooded hill. The castle has grown in several stages and consists of sections in dark stone,
lighter stone, white plaster and half-timber.
https://www.thueringen.de/imperia/md/images/freshup/english/history/wartburg_eisenach_570px.jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ZWmJvcN1NVM/UIlJgMUbtNI/AAAAAAAAVYg/GXEeQf_M2mk/s1600/World-Heritage-Wart
burg-Castle-Germany.jpg
http://s1.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/wartburg_1/Eisenach
Wartburg_3746_RET.jpg http://www.bilderbuch-harz.de/files/images/eisenach-wartburgP1000495.JPG

Classical Weimar
§18/19c – attracted many writers & scholars (Goethe & Schiller) → remarkable cultural flowering →
§Reflected in high quality of many buildings & parks in the surrounding area
§12 buildings & ensembles – landscape Park on the Ilm + Roman House, Goethe House & Garden, Church
of Saints Peter and Paul (Herderkirche, 1525), Goethe House & Schiller House (1700s), Dowager’s
Palace, Duchess Anna Amalia Library (over mil books, 2,000 medieval & early modern manuscripts),
Belvedere Castle & Park (Orangery), Ettersburg Castle & Park, Tiefurt Castle & Park, Historic
Cemetery with Princes’ Tomb (burial chapel Fürstengruft) & tombs of Goethe & Schiller
Photograph of a large bronze statue of two men standing hand-in-hand, side-by-side and facing
forward. The statue is on a stone pedestal, which has a plaque that reads "Dem Dichterpaar/Goethe
und Schiller/das Vaterland".
http://kahla.de/cms/uploads/images/Tourismus/Ausfl%C3%BCge%20in%20die%20Region/75/75.3_Goethes_Gart
enhaus_Weimar_Park_an_der_Ilm-web.jpg
http://www.dnv-tours.de/cms/Presse/Bildarchiv/weimar_schillerhaus_weimar-GmbH_Ma.jpg
Schiller’s house
http://www.staedte-fotos.de/1024/das-roemische-haus-weimarer-park-37819.jpg
Roman house
http://static.panoramio.com/photos/large/42074262.jpg
Dowager Palace
http://static.panoramio.com/photos/original/58272476.jpg
Belvedere
http://media.4teachers.de/images/thumbs/image_thumb.10969.jpg
Fürstengruft
Goethe garden house

Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar and Dessau
§1919-1933 – Bauhaus School (based first in Weimar, then in Dessau) – new architectural & aesthetic
concepts & practices
§Professors (Gropius, Meyer, Moholy-Nagy & Kandinsky) – Modern Movement (shaped architecture of
20c, new materials – reinforced concrete, glass, steel + methods – skeleton construction, glass
facades)
§Former Art School, Applied Art School & Haus am Horn (Weimar), Bauhaus Building & 7 Masters Houses
(Dessau)
http://dropbearsexist.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/dscn1533.jpg
https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/4f/ff/78/4fff782c4915d66f89b3df23e747cfac.jpg
http://www.timetravelturtle.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/German_Heritage-2014-399_web-lrg.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Hauptgeb%C3%A4ude_-_Nordansicht_04.JPG/10
24px-Hauptgeb%C3%A4ude_-_Nordansicht_04.JPG
http://bauhausverein.de/uploads/images/bauhausdessau.jpg
http://www.innenarchitekten-in-berlin.de/berlin-original/original-bauhaus-kornhaus.jpg

Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen
§Complete infrastructure of historical coal-mining site + some 20c buildings
§Evidence of evolution & decline of industry over past 150 years
A orange metal tower with several flywheels above a building with Zollverein written in golden
gothic script letters.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/RedDotDesignMuseum_3344.jpg/1280px-RedDot
DesignMuseum_3344.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Essen_-_Zeche-Zollverein_-_Eingangstor_-_
2013.jpg/1280px-Essen_-_Zeche-Zollverein_-_Eingangstor_-_2013.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Kokerei_Zollverein.jpg/1280px-Kokerei_Zol
lverein.jpg

Cologne Cathedral
§1248-1880, in several stages, kept absolute fidelity to original plans
§High Gothic five-aisled basilica (144.5 metre long), prominent transept (87 m wide) & tower (157
m)
§High altar, carved oak choir stalls (1300s), painted choir screens (1330s), 14 statues on pillars
in choir (1300), stained-glass windows, tombs 12 archbishops (976-1612)
§Gero Crucifix (10c) in Chapel of the Holy Cross & Shrine of the Magi (largest reliquary in Europe)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Colognecathedralatnight.JPG/800px-Cologne
cathedralatnight.JPG Rectangular central section of an altarpiece in the International Gothic
style, showing the Three Kings adoring the Christ Child. The arrangement is formal, balanced and
intricately detailed. The Virgin Mary, in a robe of brilliant blue sits enthroned with Jesus on her
knee at the center of the painting. The figures have a sweet, doll-like quality. On either side
kneel the two older kings clothed in robes of patterned velvet, one green and the other crimson,
with gifts of a golden box and a silver chalice. The youngest king stands behind one of the
kneeling figures, and presents a container of semi-precious stone.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Cologne_cathedrale_vue_sud.jpg/800px-Colo
gne_cathedrale_vue_sud.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Cathedral_main_entrance.jpg/1280px-Cathed
ral_main_entrance.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Gerokreuz_full_20050903.jpg/800px-Gerokre
uz_full_20050903.jpg http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/976x549_b/p012wn6s.jpg
File:Gothic-Cologne-Cathedral-004.jpg
http://www.staedte-fotos.de/1024/ebersmuenster-elsass-chorgestuehl-stmauritius-kirche-mai-27014.jpg
http://www.ourtravelpics.com/cologne_2/cologne_2_067.jpg

Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at Brühl
§Augustusburg – built by Clemens August of Bavaria, Prince-Elector & archbishop of Cologne (1725,
on foundations of medieval castle)
§3 brick wings (rough-cast rendering) & 2 adjoining orangeries (south oratory, north service
buildings)
§Large English park & ornamental garden (flowerbeds, 4 fountains, Mirror Pool with fountain &
cascade)
§Falkenlust hunting lodge – small rural building
https://www.wasaweb.net/images/photographs/Bruehl-Schloss-Augustusburg-1.jpg
http://s2.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/schloesseraugustusb
urg_falkenlust_bruehl_1/SchlossFalkenlust_Bruehl-Ostseite_Foto-HorstGummersbach_RET.jpg
Augustusburg
http://www.worldreviewer.com/_images/ee/cd/eecd18ada8e5a912cb220258642aa231/augustusburg-castle-440
x298.jpg http://40.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lxyeacE3jV1r1dcs8o1_1280.jpg
http://www.timetravelturtle.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/German_Heritage-2014-2224_web-lrg.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-gf5iknWJjeg/T2AB-CFbURI/AAAAAAAACkQ/ba8xfbVDEJU/s1600/450313+Augustusburg
+Staircase+2.jpg
Falkenlust

Aachen Cathedral
§Palatine Chapel of the Emperor Charlemagne – core of Cathedral (octagonal plan roofed with cupola,
790-815, Charlemagne buried – 814)
§Gothic choir & series of chapels added (marble columns , bronze doors, mosaic, open-arched
windows)
§Cathedral Treasury – Cross of Lothar (1000, from gold, inlaid with precious stones),
reliquary-bust of Charlemagne (silver & gold), sarcophagus containing the body of Charlemagne
(marble)
Aachen Germany Imperial-Cathedral-01.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Aachen_Cathedral_Barbarossaleuchter_03.jp
g/1280px-Aachen_Cathedral_Barbarossaleuchter_03.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/AachenCathedralMainPortalHDR.jpg/800px-Aa
chenCathedralMainPortalHDR.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/AachenerDom1652PortalLoewe.jpg/1280px-Aac
henerDom1652PortalLoewe.jpg
http://sites.tufts.edu/textilerelics/files/2011/05/SCALA_ARCHIVES_10310474408.jpg
https://travelpast50.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/aachen-cathedral-windows.jpg
http://www.medievalhistories.com/wp-content/uploads/reliquary-bust.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lotharkreuz%2C_Kaiserseite%2C_Aachener_Do
m%2C_Juni_2008.jpg/800px-Lotharkreuz%2C_Kaiserseite%2C_Aachener_Dom%2C_Juni_2008.jpg

          Upper Middle Rhine Valley
§65 km long stretch of Middle Rhine Valley with castles, historic towns & terraced vineyards
§Associated with history & legend, strong influence on writers, artists & composers
§Important trade route since prehistoric times, string of small settlements along the banks
§Increasing wealth → core region of Holy Roman Empire → many castles bulit → Thirty Years’ War →
many in ruins (40 hill top castles & fortresses, Burg Katz, Stolzenfels, Marksburg, Rheinstein,
Stahleck)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Schloss_Stolzenfels_01_Koblenz_2015.jpg/1
280px-Schloss_Stolzenfels_01_Koblenz_2015.jpg
Stolzenfels
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Marksburg.jpg/1280px-Marksburg.jpg
Marksburg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Rheinstein.jpg/1024px-Rheinstein.jpg
Rheinstein
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Burg_Stahleck.jpg
Stahleck
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Sankt_Goar.jpg/1920px-Sankt_Goar.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/BPGr001.jpg/1920px-BPGr001.jpg
Pfalzgrafenstein
Gutenfels
Kaub
Bacharach from the Postenturm.
Bacharach

Roman Monuments, Cathedral of St Peter and Church of Our Lady in Trier
§Roman colony on Moselle River (from 1c), great trading centre, one of capitals of Tetrarchy (3c)
§Seat of prefects of Gaul, Germania, Britannia & Hispania, seat of vice-emperor of Western Empire
§1 & 2c – Moselle Bridge, Barbara Baths, Porta Nigra (fortification & palace → two-storey church –
11c)
§4c – Imperial Baths, Aula Palatina (Basilica of Constantine, 70 m long throne hall of Emperor
Constantine)
§Cathedral of Saint Peter (4c, when Constantine made Christianity tolerated & supported religion in
his Empire, unites elements of all the periods – classical, medieval & modern times, relic of the
Holy Robe of Jesus said to be worn at his crucifixion), Church of Our Lady (Liebfrauenkirche, 13c)
Ruins of brick bath house, only one wall and about a dozen arches are still visible
Imperial Baths
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Trier_-_Aula_Palatina.JPG/1280px-Trier_-_
Aula_Palatina.JPG
Constantine Basilica
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Trier_Porta_Nigra_BW_1.JPG/1280px-Trier_P
orta_Nigra_BW_1.JPG
Porta Nigra
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Trier_Dom_BW_1.JPG/1280px-Trier_Dom_BW_1.
JPG
Cathedral
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Trier_Innenstadt3.jpg/800px-Trier_Innenst
adt3.jpg
Liebfrauenkirche
http://img.eueueu.com/eu/attr/96664384-6a15-4ec6-84cd-29be6514815e.jpg
Römerbrücke
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Roemerbruecke,_Trier_01_10.jpg
http://the-mirror.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/RobeCasing.jpg

Völklingen Ironworks
§Symbol of human achievement during First & Second Industrial Revolutions (19 & beg of 20c)
§Appearance from 1930s, gone out of production 1986
§
VoelklingerHuette1.JPG
http://s1.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/voelklingerhuette_1
/Gesamtansicht__tag_RET.jpg
http://s2.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/voelklingerhuette_1
/VoelklingerHuette_3123_RET.jpg
http://s2.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/voelklingerhuette_1
/VoelklingenHuette_3124_RET.jpg
http://www.visitsaarland.co.uk/data/mediadb/cms_pictures/%7Ba100d2e5-dcb4-b63c-99c2-8b78f4986716%7D
.jpg

Messel Pit Fossil Site
§Richest site in the world for understanding living environment of the Eocene (57-36 mil years ago)
§Discovered through mining activities around 1900, serious scientific excavation started 1970
§Area preserved → subject of important paleontological research → unique information about early
stages of evolution of mammals (fossils rich in quantity & diversity, over 1000 species of plants &
animals – full skeletons, feathers, skin, hair & stomach contents of animals)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Palaeoperca_proxima.jpg/1920px-Palaeoperc
a_proxima.jpg http://www.senckenberg.de/messelaust/12_141_2005/F0010mm3.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Grube_Messel_fg04.jpg
http://www.natuurinformatie.nl/sites/nnm.dossiers/contents/i005192/lesmesodon2_klein.jpg
http://www.revealingthelink.com/img/contemporaries/contemporaries_5.jpg
http://www.bertholdsteinhilber.com/images/ausgrabung_37.jpg
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https://www.fossilera.com/sp/13515/fish-fossils/atractosteus-garneri.jpg
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/08/photogalleries/new-fossils-messel-pit-pictures/imag
es/primary/090821-03-messel-pit_big.jpg

Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch
§Former Imperial Abbey, one of most renowned monasteries of Carolingian Empire
§Ruined but among most important pre-Romanesque buildings in Germany
§Its chronicle – fundamental document for early medieval German history (in Lorscher Codex, 1170s)
§Königshalle or Aula Regia – entrance hall, 9c, sculptures & paintings
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https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Kloster_Lorsch_07.jpg/1280px-Kloster_Lors
ch_07.jpg http://www.hivino.travel/assets/uploads/escapes/81/lorsch62516644.jpg
http://www.heidelberg-marketing.com/uploads/pics/Lorsch-UNESCO-Welterebe_01.jpg
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http://www.lorsch.de/de-wAssets/img/pressearchiv/Engel-Koenigshalle.jpg
http://www.worldheritagesite.org/pics/w515s2.jpg

Speyer Cathedral
§Basilica  with four towers & two domes & biggest Romanesque church in the world
§Found as flat-ceiling basilica (Conrad II, 1030), rebuilt as first & largest vaulted church in
Europe (11c), first with gallery that encircles the whole building, arcades added during
renovations
§Burial place of German emperors for almost 300 years
§Size & richness of sculptures – one of most significant Romanesque monuments in Europe
Looking toward the choir of a brick Romanesque cathedral. The twin bell towers, the transept
crossing dome, and the roof are green copper.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Speyer_%28DerHexer%29_2010-12-19_025_adj.JPG
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Krypta_des_Doms_zu_Speyer.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Porch_of_the_narthex_Speyer_Cathedral.JPG
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dral.JPG https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/SpeyererDom_WestPortal_DomPatrone.JPG
http://www.speyer.de/sv_speyer/en/Tourism/Speyer%20multimedia/Photo%20galleries/The%20Speyer%20Cath
edral/01%20Dom%20T%C3%BCrme%20-%20Karl%20Hofman.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Modell_Dom_zu_Speyer.jpg

Maulbronn Monastery Complex
§Most complete & best-preserved medieval monastic complex north of the Alps
§Cistercian Monastery – 1147, fortified walls, main buildings – 12-16c
§Main monastery church (12c), hospital, chapel, refectories, cellar, auditorium, cloisters, hall,
forge, bakery, inn & mill (13c), most fortifications (14c)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Laienrefektorium_Kloster_Maulbronn.jpg
https://c2.staticflickr.com/8/7300/13351101034_22b5aa15fb_b.jpg
http://www.ostereiermaerkte.de/images/maulbronn/fotolia_24856909_s_600.jpg
http://www.kloster-maulbronn.de/uploads/_processed_/csm_27_maulbronn_aussen_beck_4c_300_mod_20684d3
075.jpg http://deltiolog.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/unesco-maulbronn.jpg
http://s3.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/klosteranlagemaulbr
onn_1/maulbronn_luftaufnahme_foto-achim-mende_RET.jpg

Würzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square
§Baroque palace – one of largest & most beautiful in Germany, surrounded by wonderful gardens
(under support of prince-bishops Lothar Franz & Friedrich Carl von Schönborn, 18c)
§One of most brilliant courts of Europe, sculptors & stucco-workers from Italy, Flanders & Munich
http://www.medienwerkstatt-online.de/lws_wissen/bilder/27809-1.jpg
http://www.bradleywdick.com/wp-content/uploads/W%C3%BCrzburgResidenceImperialHall006.jpeg
http://s3.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/wuerzburgerresidenz
_1/Residenz-2011-32_RET.jpg
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https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/W%C3%BCrzburg_Residence_gardens_-_IMG_6719.JPG

Town of Bamberg
§Early medieval plan & many surviving ecclesiastical & secular buildings of medieval period
§Henry II, Duke of Bavaria, became King of Germany in 1007 → Bamberg seat of bishopric
§Old Town Hall (14c, middle of Regnitz, accessible by two bridges), Cathedral (11c, 4 grand
towers), Old Palace (bishop residence, 16-17c), Klein-Venedig (Little Venice, fishermen’s houses,
along Regnitz, 19c)
§Smoked Rauchbier, 9 breweries, most famous – Schlenkerla (brewery & tavern)
A stone cathedral with two towers on the west façade and two towers flanking the choir, all four
towers are topped with slender, pointed metal roofs. Old city hall (Altes Rathaus) in Bamberg
Altes Rathaus
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Bamberg-AlteHofhaltung2-Asio.JPG/1280px-B
amberg-AlteHofhaltung2-Asio.JPG
Old Palace
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Bamberg_Klein-Venedig_I.jpg/1280px-Bamber
g_Klein-Venedig_I.jpg
Klein-Venedig
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Bamberger_Dom_BW_7.JPG
http://nickwalters.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Bamberg-Cathedral-Christian-history-today.jpg
http://www.hubert-herald.nl/ImpRomOttoIV_bestanden/image014.jpg
Cathedral
http://www.schlenkerla.de/sonstiges/druckvorlagen/bilder/Ausleger_am_Brauereiausschank_Schlenkerla.
jpg

Margravial Opera House Bayreuth
§Masterpiece of Baroque theatre architecture (1745-1750)
§Court opera house located not within palace but as urban element in public space
§Internal layout & design of foyer & stage area incl all original materials & decoration preserved
§Bell-shaped auditorium of tiered loges built of wood, lined with decoratively painted canvas
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Bayreuth_Fassade.jpg/1280px-Bayreuth_Fass
ade.jpg http://www.sanierung-opernhaus-bayreuth.de/img/layout/bayreuth-07_1400.jpg
http://www.sanierung-opernhaus-bayreuth.de/img/layout/bayreuth-04_1400.jpg
https://c1.staticflickr.com/9/8097/8561692109_d53c410ec1_b.jpg

Old town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof
§Exceptional example of medieval trading centre (Roman, Romanesque & Gothic buildings)
§Meeting place of Imperial Assemblies, seat of Imperial Diet general assemblies (until 19c, remains
of 2 imperial Palatine palaces from 9c)
§Patrician towers,  Old Bridge (12c), Old Chapel (Alte Kapelle, 9c), Lower Monastery
(Niedermünster, 9c), Higher Monastery (Obermünster, 1010), Cathedral (Dom, 1275-1634), Church of
Saint James (12c), abbey church of Saint Emmeram (13c, 1809 – converted into palace for the prince
of Thurn and Taxis)
Rgbg-dom und rathaus.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/SchlossThurnundTaxis2010.JPG
Saint Emmeram
http://download.viamichelin.com/images/gv/DEUBY0024B_1.jpg
Old Chapel
http://i0.wp.com/germanyiswunderbar.com/wp-content/uploads/Salzstadel_Stadt-Regensburg-Bilddokument
ation.jpg http://www.tsandm.com/danube/0ca58900.jpg
http://www.planetware.com/photos-large/D/germany-regensburg-old-cornmarket-town-hall.jpg

Pilgrimage Church of Wies
§Alpine valley in Bavaria, oval plan, 1745-1754, architect Dominikus Zimmermann
§Pilgrimage church – perfect masterpiece of Bavarian Rococo art
§Unique feature – harmony between art & countryside
http://www.bawaria.travel/data/mediadb/cms_pictures/%7Bd740be98-6b72-07e8-f440-8f0ec7595dcd%7D.jpeg
http://www.bayern.cn/data/mediadb/cms_pictures/%7B1666b327-9c2e-c359-d526-1ba72f803944%7D.jpeg
http://www.timetravelturtle.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/German_Heritage-2014-26_web-lrg.jpg
http://www.worldgreatestsites.com/pics/pilgrimage-church-of-wies.jpg

Monastic Island of Reichenau
§Lake Constance, preserves traces of Benedictine monastery (724)
§Centre of remarkable spiritual, intellectual & artistic influence
§Churches of Virgin Mary and Marcus, of Saints Peter and Paul, of Saint George (9-11c, elements of
Carolingian, Ottonian & Salian architecture)
§Monumental Ottonian murals of miracles of Christ in Saint George (10c)
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/StGeorgReichenau-pjt.jpg/1280px-StGeorgRe
ichenau-pjt.jpg http://visualdata.dw.com/specials/welterbe/images/gallery/r8/r8_1.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-53SuTtbk2FU/UCV2-48ehyI/AAAAAAAAALg/3MX40reeNdo/s1600/File0003.jpg
Virgin Mary & Marcus
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er_und_Paul_Apsis_K_RET.jpg
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Saint George
http://www.overvacation.com/wp-content/uploads/St-Peter-und-Paul-Reichenau.jpg
St Peter & Paul

Frontiers of the roman empire
§2 century AD to defend Roman Empire from the ‘barbarians’
§Limes Romanus – 5,000 km (from the Atlantic across Europe to Black Sea, Red Sea & across North
Africa)
§Saalburg Roman Fortress near Bad Homburg
§Remnants of walls, ditches, forts, fortresses, watchtowers & civilian settlements
§118 km long Hadrian’s Wall (Hadrian, 122 AD), 60 km long Antonine’s Wall (Antonius Pius, 142 AD)
http://www.archaeologyuk.org/ba/ba102/ba102_antonine_map.png
http://europafietsers.nl/sites/default/files/routekaarten/limes_kaart_overzicht_totaal.jpg Saalburg
Fort, Bad Homburg, Germany
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T.jpg
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myd1d.jpg
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Antonine
Hadrianic

§Upper Germania-Rhaetian Limes – between the rivers Rhine & Danube (Germania Superior, Rhaetia)
§Danube Limes – along the River Danube (Regensburg, Straubing & Passau)
§Lower German Limes – along the River Rhine
§
Frontiers of the roman empire
Danube Limes

Frontiers – the lower german limes



Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and the Ancient Beech Forests of Germany
§Outstanding examples of ongoing post-glacial biological & ecological evolution of ecosystems
§Pure stands of European beech across variety of environmental conditions (all altitudinal zones
from seashore up to forest line in mountains)
§Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians (293 km2 of Slovakian & Ukrainian beech forests)
§Ancient Beech Forests of Germany (five forests totalling 44 km2)
Kellerwald Ringelsberg 001.JPG
http://www.39whcbonn2015.de/fileadmin/media/Bilder/Unterseiten/D-Pano_Buchenwaelder01.jpg
http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/WHC/30212320.jpg

§Serial property of 111 small individual sites
§Germany 18 sites, Austria (5), France (11), Italy (19), Slovenia (2) &  Switzerland (56)
§Remains of prehistoric pile-dwelling (stilt house) settlements
§Built from around 5000 to 500 BC on the edges of lakes, rivers & wetlands
§Well-preserved & culturally rich archaeological sites (study of early agrarian societies in the
region)
Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps
https://s3.germany.travel/media/content/staedte___kultur_1/unesco_welterben_2013/praehistorischepfa
hlbauten_1/Pfahlbaumuseum_Unteruhldingen_919_RET.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/D-BW-Uhldingen-M%C3%BChlhofen_-_Pfahlbaumuseum_
-_Haus_Schussenried.jpg

§… an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement
§Franco-Swiss architect; 17 projects in different countries (Argentina, Belgium, France,
Switzerland, India, Japan)
§Stuttgart – Maisons de la Weissenhof-Siedlung (21 bldngs, Mies van der Rohe – in charge of the
project)
The architectural works of le corbusier

§Six caves, southern Germany, used as shelter about 33,000 to 43,000 years ago
§Carved statuettes (female, cave lions, mammoths, horses, etc.), musical instruments, tools, etc.
Caves and ice age art in the Swabian jura

§Hedeby – remains of trading town – traces of roads, buildings, cemeteries and harbour (Viking Era,
1-2 millennia BC)
§Danevirke – line of fortification
Archaeological border complex of hedeby and the danevirke

§Dom of St Peter and St Paul
§1028-1044, Romanesque style; Gothic additions; 16 century – became Protestant
§West choir – donor portrait statues of 12 cathedral founders (Stifterfiguren)
Naumburg cathedral

§Serial property, CR 5 sites, Germany 22 sites
§Mines, mining landscapes, technical monuments, mining towns, etc.
Erzgebirge/krušnohoŘí mining region
Lengefeld
Schneeberg
Marienberg
Grünthal

§Augsburg & surrounding area, testimony to importance & history of water management
§22 technical-architectural cultural objects – flowing water canals, waterworks, water tower,
waterworks, wells & 10 historic hydroelectric power plants
§
Water management system of augsburg

§Serial property of 11 spas
§Bad Ems, Baden-Baden, Bad Kissingen
The great spa towns of europe
Bad Kissingen
Baden-Baden
Bad Ems

§Darmstadt Artists’ Colony – group of Jugendstil artists & buildings in Mathildenhöhe where they
lived & worked
§1899-1944, Art Nouveau; Josef Maria Olbrich House
§
Mathildenhöhe darmstadt

§Serial property – ShUM stands for initials of Hebrew names of Speyer, Worms & Mainz
§Speyer Jewry-Court, synagogue, remains of religious school & underground mikveh (ritual bath);
Mainz – Old Jewish Cemetery; Worms Synagogue (post-war reconstruction of 12-century synagogue),
community hall (Rashi House), 12-century mikveh & Old Jewish Cemetery
sHum sites of speyer, worms and mainz

§Old Synagogue, Mikveh & Stone House
§Illustrate life of local Jewish community & its coexistence with Christian majority
§End of 11 and mid-14 century
Jewish –medieval heritage of erfurt

Moravian Church Settlements
§Four towns in four countries (Denmark, Germany, USA)
§Herrnhut
§Architectural character based on ideals of the Moravian Church adapted to local conditions
§Active congregation present → living Moravian heritage
Widowʼs House
Vogtshof

§19 c – Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
§38 elements – Residence Palace, manor houses, cultural & sacred buildings
§Neo-Renaissance, Neo-Baroque, Neo-Classical with influences from the Italian Renaissance
Schwerin Residence Ensemble

Thank you for attention