Natural Heritage §Majestic mountains, peaceful hilly areas, deep forests, clear rivers, water reservoirs, romantic valleys, mysterious underground spaces §Increasing interest of tourists → natural scenery change → nature protection, laws introduced → careful use of resources, protection of biodiversity & natural habitats §Natural heritage – natural features, geological and physiographical formations and natural sites of outstanding universal value from the point of view of natural beauty, science and/or conservation nUNESCO Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage §Often habitats of threatened animal & plant species, can be listed World Heritage Site §CR – no area on UNESCO List of World Cultural and Natural Heritage as natural site § http://hostetin.veronica.cz/sites/default/files/hostetin_krajina_1.jpg §Run by UNESCO, started 1971 §Aim – balanced relationship between mankind & nature, sustainable development §World Network of Biosphere Reserves §Biosphere Reserve – ecosystem with plants & animals of unusual scientific & natural interest §Proposed by residents, ratified by national committee & designated by UNESCO §Sustainable use of natural resources §2015 – 651 Biosphere Reserves in 120 countries, including 15 transboundary sites §Křivoklátsko – 1977 §Třeboň Basin – 1977 §Lower Morava – 2003 (former Pálava – 1986, extended & renamed 2003) §Šumava – 1990 §Krkonoše – 1992 §Bílé Karpaty – 1996 Man and the biosphere programme https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Man_and_the_Biosphere_Programme_Logo.svg/ 2000px-Man_and_the_Biosphere_Programme_Logo.svg.png http://www.br-sumava.cz/data/File/loga_pikto/br_mapa_cr.jpg §1977 – Biosphere Reserve, 1978 – Protected Landscape Area §628 km2, predominantly forested highland region §Broad-leafed & mixed coniferous forest ecosystems, grasslands, pastures, valley meadows & agricultural land §Berounka River valley – deep canyons, floodplains, terraces, steep slopes & cliffs §1,800 plant species, 84 native species of trees & shrubs §Hunting grounds for royalty → limited deforestation & human interference §24 nature reserves & monuments KŘIVOKLÁTSKO – KŘIVOKLÁT Region listnatý, jehličnatý http://krajina.kr-stredocesky.cz/apollo/pictures/2_20041123133059838156.jpg §1977 – Biosphere Reserve, 1979 – Protected Landscape Area §700 km2, predominantly shallow, flat or slightly rolling region, app 50 % – forests §Extensive system of fishponds (shallow artificial lakes, 0.1 to 500 ha), app 460, most built in 15 & 16 centuries, interconnected by system of canals & ditches & Lužnice River §Various types of wetlands, reed and sedges belts, marshes, alder & willow covers, wet meadows, floodplain forests, swampland §Important bird area for water birds nesting & migration §33 nature reserves & monuments + two Ramsar sites TŘEBOŇSKO – TŘEBOŇ Basin/Region strouha, rákos, ostřice/šáchor/vodní rákos, močál/bažina/mokřad, olše, vrba http://www.jablko.cz/Priroda/Ekologie/img/Trebonsko2.gif http://www.casopis.ochranaprirody.cz/res/archive/040/004944.jpg?seek=1421162384 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Zadn%C3%AD_kouty,_T%C5%99ebo%C5%88sko.JPG §1976 – Protected Landscape Area §1986 – Pálava Biosphere Reserve §2003 – extended & renamed §354 km2, Pavlov Hills – limestone cliffs & steep slopes covered with steppes, forests & grasslands, remnants of floodplain meadows & forests, considerable part – arable land & vineyards §24 nature reserves & monuments + two Ramsar sites Dolní Morava – Lower Morava http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Soutok_Moravy_a_Dyje_-_%C4%8Desk%C3%BD_b%C5%99eh _obr2.jpg http://sedgeol.upol.cz/site/wp-content/gallery/field-execution-iii/kadlec-trip-fig_1.jpg http://zf.mendelu.cz/wcd/photogallery/zf/clanky/2014/dolni-morava/logo-dolni_morava.jpg vápenec §1977 – Biosphere Reserve, 1979 – Protected Landscape Area §1991 – National Park §1,671 km2, mountain range, primeval mountain forests, plains, glacial lakes, peat bogs, rivers & canyons, beech & mountain spruce §Spring area of the Blanice River – most important site for River Pearl Mussel §89 nature reserves & monuments + Ramsar site § Šumava – Šumava Mountains http://www.br-sumava.cz/data/File/priroda/15816500-plesnejezero.jpg rašeliniště, buk, smrk http://www.br-sumava.cz/web/br-sumava/images/footerlogo1.gif §1963 – declared National Park, 1992 – Biosphere Reserve §Mixed mountain & highland system §Shared by CR & Poland, 548 km2 (total area 604 km2) §Four vegetation belts (submontane, montane, subalpine, alpine) §Arctic & alpine ecosystems, flower rich mountain meadows, mountain spruce forest, mixed beech-spruce forest, Alpine tundra, subarctic peat bogs, dwarf pine covers, glacial kettles Krkonoše/Karkonosze – Giant Mountains smrk, buk, rašeliniště http://www.pohadkovacesta.cz/images/foto1-big.jpg http://www.krnap.cz/data/File/hlavicky/zakladni_nastaveni/tmavozelena04.jpg Výsledek obrázku pro np krkonoše logo §1980 – Protected Landscape Area, 1996 – Biosphere Reserve §715 km2, hills & uplands, orchid & other rare species rich grasslands, near-natural temperate broad-leaved forests, old meadow orchards & solitary fruit trees of different old & local fruit cultivars §52 nature reserves Bílé Karpaty – White Carpathians http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/%C4%8Cerven%C3%BD_kame%C5%88.jpg Znak chráněné krajinné oblasti Bílé Karpaty §Four Parks – established to protect rare & unique plant & animal species §System of protection – three zones/belts, the strictest – the first zone (prohibition of camping, making fire outside designated areas, road building, entering outside marked paths, etc.) §Giant Mountains (1963, oldest) §Šumava Mountains (690 km2, largest, 1991) NATIONAL PARKS http://www.vyletnik.cz/images/vylet/krkonose.jpg http://static.panoramio.com/photos/original/75885505.jpg http://josefstepanek.cz/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/np-krkonossky.png http://josefstepanek.cz/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/np-sumava.png §Valley of the River Dyje (63 km2, smallest, 1991) §Stone fields & wetlands §77 types of protected plants (velvet plant (verbascum), Greater Pasqua flower) §Protected animals (European otter, black stork) NATIONAL PARKS divizna, koniklec velkokvětý, vydra říční, čáp černý http://i.idnes.cz/09/041/gal/TOM2a3edb_KamennyVrch08.jpg http://www.sonpp.cz/data/headerfooter/header_images/sonpp-titl.jpg http://www.pension-blanka.cz/foto/f19v.jpg http://josefstepanek.cz/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/np-podyji.png §Bohemian Switzerland (2000, youngest) §Sandstone formations on the River Elbe & their biotope are protected §Largest population of peregrine falcon in central Europe NATIONAL PARKS sokol stěhovavý http://images.anchoice.cz/10000157/489460/original/ceske-svycarsko.jpg http://www.cottage.cz/sites/default/files/01%20V%C3%BDhled%20z%20Mariiny%20vyhl%C3%ADdky%20v%20Jet% C5%99ichovic%C3%ADch,%20foto%20M.%20Rak.jpg http://itras.cz/fotogalerie/maly-pravcicky-kuzel/velke/maly-kuzel-sojka-002.jpg http://josefstepanek.cz/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/np-ceske-svycarsko.png §26 Areas, harmonic landscape with typical relief §White Carpathians, Blansko Forest, Litovelské Pomoraví, Broumov Region, Central Bohemian Uplands, Bohemian Karst, Jeseníky Mountains, Jizera Mountains, Křivoklát Region, Lusatian Mountains, Elbe sandstone Formations, Šumava Mountains, Kokořín/Mácha Region, Pálava, Eagle Mountains, Poodří, Slavkov Forest, Žďár Uplands, Moravian Karst, Třeboň Region & Iron Mountains PROTECTED LANDSCAPE AREAS http://www.nastodole.cz/_storage.public/photos/0000/2011-08-30-06-large.jpg http://www.kct-tabor.cz/gymta/ChranenaUzemiCR/Poodri/img/chko_poodri.jpg http://www.kokorinsko.net/DSC_5006.jpg Poodří Pálava Kokořín §1955 – oldest Protected Landscape §2002 – extended with Malá Skála & Prachov Rocks areas §2005 – member of the Global Geoparks Network §Rock towns, caves & precious stones/gemstones Bohemian Paradise https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Hrad_Trosky%2C_leteck%C3%BD_sn%C3%ADmek.j pg/1280px-Hrad_Trosky%2C_leteck%C3%BD_sn%C3%ADmek.jpg http://itras.cz/fotogalerie/hruboskalsko/velke/vyhlidka-u-lvicka-011.jpg §2016 – youngest Protected Landscape §On the territory of former military district §Valuable forest covers, meadows, wetlands, moorlands & tens of brooks Brdy mokřad, vřesoviště http://i.idnes.cz/15/062/cl6/JAN5bdb35_012.JPG http://www.nase-voda.cz/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/CHKO-Brdy-krajina.jpg §1973 – largest (1,160 km2) §Primeval forests, species rich meadows & pastures, pseudo-karst elements, hamlets §Stable population of lynxes, bears & wolves §70 per cent covered with forests Beskydy Mountains osada, rys https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Lynx_lynx.jpg http://czechmatediary.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/beskydy.jpg §1981 – smallest (40 km2) §Well-preserved natural & cultural heritage §30 percent covered with forests, mainly spruce (57 %) & pine (20 %) § Blaník smrk http://oidnes.cz/14/062/cl6/TOM53d76b_Podblanicko_01.jpg http://www.mesto-vlasim.info/pics/activni-dovolena/na-kole/velky-blanik.jpg §More than hundred §Small-scale areas with valuable nature of national or international importance §1838 – Žofín Virgin Forest, oldest §1933 – Adršpach-Teplice Rocks, Boubín Virgin Forest, Black & Devil Lakes, Javorina, Mionší, or Razula §Praděd – complex of natural forest associations & pastures (largest, about 20 km2) §Bohdaneč pond, Milešovka, Radhošť, Rejvíz, or Soos NATIONAL NATURE RESERVES Národní přírodní rezervace Žofínský prales, Novohradské hory Petrovy kameny a vrchol Pradědu, jádro NPR Praděd Žofín Praděd §More than hundred §Smaller natural structures (geological formation, mineral deposits, endangered species habitats…) of national or international scientific, ecological or aesthetic importance §Grandmother’s Valley, Barrandov Rocks, Bozkov Dolomity Caves, Pomezí Cave, Kalendář věků, Kamenná slunce, Landek, Pravčice Gate, Rešov waterfalls, Skalky skřítků, Svatoš Rocks, Venus Bowls (Venušiny misky), or Zbrašov Aragonit Caves NATIONAL NATURE MONUMENTS https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/D%C5%99%C3%ADn_v_kv%C4%9Btu.jpg/1280px-D% C5%99%C3%ADn_v_kv%C4%9Btu.jpg American Garden https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Panska_skala.jpg/1280px-Panska_skala.jpg Panská skála Kamenná slunce Kamenná slunce §Countless Nature Reserves (small-scale areas of regional importance) §Countless Nature Monuments (smaller natural structures of regional importance) § NATURE reserves & MONUMENTS http://www.turistik.cz/cz/kraje/ustecky-kraj/okres-chomutov/vysoka-pec-okres-chomutov/jezerka-priro dni-rezervace/galerie/ir/files/gallery/3090/20440--c800x600.jpg Jezerka NR http://www.taggmanager.cz/poi_images/1144/2010_prirodni_r.jpg Království NR http://www.turistik.cz/cz/kraje/vysocina/okres-havlickuv-brod/svetla-nad-sazavou/stvoridla-prirodni -rezervace/galerie/ir/files/gallery/3171/20993--c800x600.jpg Stvořidla NR §Network of nature protection areas on territory of European Union §Special Protection Areas (Bird areas) §Křivoklátsko, Třeboňsko, Lednice ponds, Poodří, Libavá §Sites of Community Importance (Locality of European importance) §2015 – 41 Bird Areas & 1,075 Localities of European Importance (on our territory) NATURa 2000 http://natura.karbofuran.cz/imgs/cso.gif Bird Areas Localities of European Importance http://www.veronica.cz/ochranaprirody/natura_jmk/mapy/evl_cr.gif Thank you for attention