Overview of the most used Internet services
The Internet provides many services for information sharing, communication, entertainment and various other activities. It helps people with work, studies and research. !n fact, this virtual world has changed the way people communicate, interact and work. It has also transformed numbers of jobs.
1) The World Wide Web is an information service on the Internet that allows document pages to be accessed.
It is a system of interlinked hypertext documents (files and pages containing links to other documents called hyperlinks). Commonly it uses HTTP and HTTPS protocols.
2) Electronic mail or email for sending and receiving messages and attached files (email attachments).
3) File sharing services, e.g. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard for transferring files between
a client and a server. Server Message Block (SMB) provides shared access to files, printers and serial ports, and communications between nodes on a network. Network File System (NFS) is a file system protocol that allows a user access files over a network on a remote computer, often used with Unix operating systems.
4) Communication and social media allow a new type of social interaction. Examples:
• Chars (chat rooms) allow a conversation on the Internet where the users can communicate in real time.
• Online discussion forums (Internet forums) are series of posts, usually on a related topic.
• Instant Messaging (IM) is a type of communication among users which allows exchanging text messages in real time between two or more users logged into IM services, e.g., Facebook Messenger, WhatsApp Messenger, etc.
• Social networking sites allow users to share messages, upload photos, videos, to post opinions, e.g. Facebook, Google+, Twitter, Instagram, Linkedln, YouTube, etc.
• Blogging - writing blogs by bloggers or blog editors (video blogs include videos).
• Internet telephony allows calling over a data network, e.g. VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) technology enables the users to make phone calls that can be sent via Internet.
• Video conferencing (virtual meetings over long distances) is a form of communication over a network that uses video cameras and display screens so that people can talk to and see each other.
5) Entertainment:
• Internet TV (IPTV),
• Internet radio,
• Streaming media (the real-time delivery of digital media),
• Webcast (iive broadcast over the Internet),
• Online games, virtual reality.
6) E-services:
• E-Government allows citizens to have access to public services.
• E-Commerce includes commercial activities and doing business on the Internet.
• Online shopping enables people to sell and buy goods in an e-shop.
• Online banking allows instant access to your account, making payments and managing your finances through the Internet.
• E-Health refers to healthcare services and information delivered through the Internet.
• E-learning provides learning management systems to create online learning courses, e.g. Moodle, Microsoft Teams, Google Classroom, etc.
7) The Internet of Things (loT) is the interconnection of technical devices, vehicles and other objects with embedded technology to the Internet, such as cars, set-top boxes, TV sets, electrical appliances, etc. This concept aims to connect people, data and things in the future.
Note:
The WWW, email and e-services are discussed in more detail in the following chapters.
VOCABULARY
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► TASKS 4
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