English Tenses english-tenses-infographic.jpg Revision of Advanced English Grammar for 1st Year Students logo.png A. Present Present Simple Present Continuous Present Perfect Simple Present Perfect Continuous B. Past Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect Simple Past Perfect Continuous C. Future Future Simple Future Continuous Future Perfect Simple Future Perfect Continuous This classification is based on TIME REFERENCE. English Tenses A. Issues of Terminology – The 12 Tense System in English Revision of Advanced English Grammar for 1st Year Students images.jpg Getty_tense-155096784.jpg logo.png A. Simple Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Simple Past Simple Past Perfect Simple Future Simple Future Perfect B. Continuous Continuous Present Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect This classification is based on difference in ASPECT. English Tenses A. Issues of Terminology – The 12 Tense System in English Revision of Advanced English Grammar for 1st Year Students images.jpg 5gxztndn6x0ekve3_v2_.png logo.png English Tenses Present Time Present time is seen as the time of speaking or timing, or as ‘time around now’, or as the more general, permanent time relating to truths and general facts. References to present time are most typically indicated in the verb phrase through the simple and progressive forms of the present tense. The Present Tense Forms Revision of Advanced English Grammar for 1st Year Students images.jpg cool-cartoon-5459043.png logo.png maxresdefault.jpg English Tenses 1. Simple Present Structure: Present tense form of lexical V (-s/-es/-ies)+ do/does (in questions/negatives) 2. Present Progressive Structure: Present tense form of Be + lexical V-ing form Present Tense Forms – Present Simple & Present Progressive Revision of Advanced English Grammar for 1st Year Students images.jpg tijd_1present.png logo.png 1. Simple Present Affirmative I/you/we/you/they eat an apple every day. He/she/It eats an apple every day. Question Do I/you/we/you/they eat an apple every day? Does He/she/It eat an apple every day? Negation I/you/we/you/they don’t eat an apple every day. He/she/It doesn’t eat an apple every day English Tenses Present Tense Forms – Simple Present Revision of Advanced English Grammar for 1st Year Students images.jpg maxresdefault.jpg logo.png slide1.jpg 2. Present Continuous Affirmative I am /you/we/you/they are eating an apple every day. He/she/It is eating an apple every day. Question Am I/Are you/we/you/they eating an apple every day? Is He/she/It eating an apple every day? Negation I am not (‘m not) you are not (aren’t)/we/you/they eating an apple every day. He/she/It is not (isn’t) eating an apple every day English Tenses Present Tense Forms (Present Progressive) Revision of Advanced English Grammar for 1st Year Students images.jpg maxresdefault1.jpg logo.png English Tenses üSome verbs in English are only very rarely used in Continuous tenses. These include verbs that describe: Mental states and processes: e.g. believe, know, think Responses of the senses: e.g. smell, taste Emotional responses: e.g. adore, admire, detest, hate, like Ongoing process: have to need want. Permanent qualities of characteristics: consist, contain, belong üSome of these verbs can form Continuous but their meaning change. e.g. I am seeing my doctor this afternoon. (i.e. I have an arranged appointment) I can see the kite flying high. (I have the ability to see). Present Tense Forms (Present Progressive) Revision of Advanced English Grammar for 1st Year Students images.jpg imagesESEJQ869.jpg logo.png present-continuous-simple-present-10-638.jpg English Tenses A. Simple Present -For permanent states of affairs e.g. I speak four languages and I live in L.A. -For general truths e.g. 2 plus 2 makes 4 The sun rises from the East and sets in the West. For habitual actions with adverbs of frequency and time adverbials e.g. I usually drive to work every day. -For future actions (when used in itineraries) - e.g. My train leaves at 8 ‘clock tomorrow morning. Present Tenses Meaning (Simple Present) images.jpg imagesHLG46VJ5.jpg logo.png English Tenses B. Present Continuous -For actions that are happening now, at the time of speaking. (now, at the moment). -e.g. I am writing my essay now as I will not be able to do it tomorrow. -For preplanned actions (‘is going to’) (with any future phrase) e.g. I am going to go to the US next month to visit my brother and his family. Present Tenses Meaning (Present Progressive) images.jpg nothing-simple-continuous.png logo.png maxresdefault1.jpg English Tenses 1. Simple Present Perfect Structure: Have/has + Past Participle of the Verb Past participle for regular verbs + ed and for irregular verbs (See verb formation in the Simple Past) 2. Present Perfect Continuous Structure: Have/has + been + V-ing Present Tense Forms (Simple Present Perfect & Continuous) UVu6hyVpmcYisneNFBHZs4Jo.gif untitled.png 3. Simple Present Perfect Affirmative I/you/we/you/they have eaten an apple every day. He/she/It has eaten an apple every day. Question Have I/you/we/you/they eaten an apple every day? Has He/she/It eaten an apple every day? Negation I/you/we/you/they have not (haven’t) eaten an apple every day. He/she/It hasn’t eaten an apple every day. English Tenses Present Tense Forms – Simple Present Perfect 3. Present Perfect Continuous Affirmative I/you/we/you/they have been eating an apple every day. He/she/It has been eating an apple every day. Question Have I/you/we/you/they been eating an apple every day? Has He/she/It been eating an apple every day? Negation I/you/we/you/they have not (haven’t) been eating an apple every day. He/she/It has not (hasn’t) been eating an apple every day? English Tenses Present Tense Forms – Present Perfect Continuous English Tenses 3. Simple Present Prefect -For actions that have been completed in the past and we do not know when exactly. (cf. Simple Past) -e.g. I have read this book and as far I can remember it is very interesting. -To denote when an action started with since and for how long it lasted with for. -e.g. I haven’t seen him since last May and so I don’t know what he‘s been up to. -I have had headaches for quite a long time, and to be honest I’m a little bit worried. - Most frequently used adverbs: recently, lately, already, and yet (in negative sentences) Present Tense Meaning – Simple Present Perfect English Tenses untitled11.png Present Tense Meaning – Simple Present Perfect vs. Simple Past English Tenses 4. Present Prefect Continuous -The most usual use of the tense is to emphasise continuity of action, i.e. that something has been happening for quite a time and then it stopped short. -e.g. It was a rather boring day as it has been raining all morning and hasn’t stopped until not. - Present Tense Meaning – Present Perfect Continuous Revision of Advanced English Grammar for 1st Year Students imagesG2GAYO7Q.png logo.png