The present collection of texts is the result of the project “Silesia and the problem of the middle income trap – Czech and Polish regional perspectives” which was implemented in 2020 and 2021. The opening text provides a voice in the scientific debate on the middle-income trap by trying to answer the following questions: What are the conditions for a successful transition from a middle-income economy to a high- income economy? What can policymakers do to accelerate economic growth? What measures should be taken to deal with the problem of the middle income trap? This text aims to answer the above questions by referring to the contemporary literature on the subject, to the experiences of other countries, as well as concerning the case of Silesia, with particular emphasis on its Polish and Czech parts.