The aim of the study is to briefly characterize and periodize the development of Czechoslovak-Polish relations from the end of World War II to the fall of communist regimes in both countries. Attention is paid mainly to official relations in the political, partly also economic area, including changes in cross-border relations in the Czech lands, employment of foreign workers and tourism. As a counterpoint to official political relations, the activities of the anti-communist opposition and dissent, culminating in the Polish-Czechoslovak solidarity in the 1980s, are recalled.