The publication focuses on the issue of auditory perception and aims to draw attention to theoretical and practical knowledge gained in school speech therapy practice. The theoretical part of the publication deals with the definition of basic concepts in the field of auditory perception, describes the auditory system of language, developmental aspects of auditory perception and the possibilities of its diagnosis. At the same time, it includes psychological aspects of auditory perception, outlines the effects of impaired auditory perception on the child‘s emotional development and discusses the specifics of the diagnostics of mental abilities in children with impaired auditory perception. It also introduces the practical knowledge that was found in the auditory training and presents selected activities and specific topics that can be applied in the development of auditory perception.