The paper aims to introduce the legal system and organizational structure of social security in the Czech Republic, and the scope of the Czech Social Security Administration. Subsequently, it will also point out the functioning of district social security administrations and present some current legal aspects in this area, in connection with the functioning of social policy in the Czech Republic. The intention is to point out the extent of legal regulations, the position of the administrative body in deciding on the rights and obligations of clients, and, finally, the development of the number of citizens entitled to an old-age pension.