J 2025

Quantum Gravity Spacetime: Universe vs. Multiverse

TESSAROTTO, Massimo and Claudio CREMASCHINI

Basic information

Original name

Quantum Gravity Spacetime: Universe vs. Multiverse

Authors

TESSAROTTO, Massimo and Claudio CREMASCHINI

Edition

Entropy, 2025, 1099-4300

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Article in a journal

Field of Study

10308 Astronomy

Country of publisher

Switzerland

Confidentiality degree

is not subject to a state or trade secret

References:

Impact factor

Impact factor: 2.000 in 2024

Organization unit

Institute of physics in Opava

UT WoS

001623634300001

EID Scopus

2-s2.0-105023694893

Keywords in English

quantum gravity;Heisenberg uncertainty principle;Hamiltonian quantization;03.50.-z;04.20.-q;04.20.Cv;04.20.Fy;04.60.-m

Tags

Tags

International impact, Reviewed
Changed: 20/1/2026 10:08, Mgr. Pavlína Jalůvková

Abstract

In the original language

Starting from the realization that the theory of quantum gravity (QG) cannot be deterministic due to its intrinsic quantum nature, the requirement is posed that QG should fulfill a suitable Heisenberg Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) to be expressed as a local relationship determined from first principles and expressed in covariant 4-tensor form. We prove that such a principle places also a physical realizability condition denoted as "quantum covariance criterion", which provides a possible selection rule for physically-admissible spacetimes. Such a requirement is not met by most of current QG theories (e.g., string theory, Geometrodynamics, loop quantum gravity, GUP and minimum-length-theories), which are based on the so-called multiverse representation of space-time in which the variational tensor field coincides with the spacetime metric tensor. However, an alternative is provided by theories characterized by a universe representation, namely in which the variational tensor field differs from the unique "background" metric tensor. It is shown that the latter theories satisfy the said Heisenberg GUP and also fulfill the aforementioned physical realizability condition.