Crimes committed by children and adolescents in or around schools are on the rise. The increase in the number of serious injuries and accidents increasingly points to the need for first aid education in schools, which is essential for timely assistance and life-saving treatment. The aim of this paper is to assess the knowledge of primary and secondary school students on the issues of first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The study was conducted in the form of quantitative survey using a non-standardized questionnaire. The respondents consisted of pupils of upper primary schools and students of secondary schools in Opava.