The article brings a new interpretation of the oldest mentions of Zlaté Hory and the surrounding area from 1263 and the beginning of the 14th century, a different interpretation of the origins of the name of the town (from Zucken-man-thal) as well as a correction of the original name of the castle to the east of it (Lichtenburg instead of Leuchtenštejn), and also proposes a different dating of the oldest parts of the church in Zlaté Hory (after 1467), finally explains the mysterious toponym Vrudenthal - Freudenthal - Freudenstadt next to Zlaté Hory both in the context of the 13th century and the 16th-17th centuries. The latter was usually wrongly associated by previous researchers with Bruntál, 30 km away, while it is a settlement right next to Zlaté Hory, which was perhaps raised to the rank of a town in the 16th century (like Freiheit - Svoboda next to nearby Jeseník).