Assessing the financial situation of businesses requires considering both internal factors and the external macroeconomic environment. The aim of this study is to investigate how the macroeconomic environment affects business activities by evaluating the financial health of companies in Czechia. The comprehensive model IN05 is used to evaluate companies’ financial situations, taking into account the specifics of Czech companies’ financial statements. The analysis focuses on the impact of key macroeconomic determinants, such as real GDP growth rates, consumer price index, industrial producer price index, nominal interest rates, and the unemployment rate. Panel regression method, called General Methods of Moments (GMM), is employed to analyze the relationships within this two-dimensional space. The research seeks to identify the macroeconomic factors that exert the most significant influence on companies’ financial situation in Czechia. The study considers the national level as well as variations across economic sectors and enterprise sizes. The factors that have the strongest impact on the financial situation of companies in Czechia include interest rates or the price level.