UF1U550 Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics

Faculty of Philosophy and Science in Opava
Winter 2014
Extent and Intensity
3/2/0. 4 credit(s). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
doc. RNDr. Emil Běták, DrSc. (lecturer)
RNDr. Martin Blaschke, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
doc. RNDr. Emil Běták, DrSc.
Centrum interdisciplinárních studií – Faculty of Philosophy and Science in Opava
Prerequisites (in Czech)
UF01900 General Examination in Physics && UF1U054 Theoretical Mechanics
Znalost pojmů vlnová funkce, vlnová funkce systému nerozlišitelných částic (viz Kvantová fyzika I); střední hodnota veličiny charakterizované pravděpodobnostním rozložením.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
Students should become acquainted with the principles of the basic thermal phenomena, thermal machines and with the main differences between the classical and the quantum systems, with ensembles of systems, bosons and fermions.
Syllabus
  • The topic of subject is splitted into two parts. In the first one, students will get acquainted with the basic knowledge of classical thermodynamics starting from the description of behaviour of ideal and real gases, continuing with the First, Second and the Third theorem of thermodynamics. These are the starting point for the description of phases in equilibrium. Classical thermodynamics is completed with the chapter on kinetic theory of ideal gas including some knowledge of transport phenomena. The second part of the course is devoted to statistical mechanics. In the beginning we show how one can derive results already obtained within phenomenological approach to the classical thermodynamics. The course is completed with some methods of computer simulations of physical systems.
    Syllabus:
    The subject and the basic concepts of thermodynamics. Internal and external state parameters, thermodynamical equilibrium. Temperature, state equation, internal energy and its changes, work, heat.
    First Principle of thermodynamics and its mathematical formulation. Heat capacities and the relations among them, enthalpy, adiabatic transition, application of general realtions to the ideal gas, absolute gas temperature, reversible and irreversible processes. Carnot cycle with ideal gas.
    Second Principle of thermodynamics and its consequences. Clausius, Kelvin, Planck and Caratheodory formulations and their equivalence, Carnot theorem, mathematical formulation of the Second Principle, Clausius equation, entropy, absolute thermodynamical temperature, its relation to the gas temperature, free energy, Gibbs function, relations among derivations of thermodynamical quantities, Gibbs-Helmholtz equations, application to phase transitions. Clausius-Clapeyron equation, Gibbs phase rule, entropy in irreversible transitions.
    Third Principle of thermodynamics. Nernst-Planck, Falk and Simon formulations, their equivalence. The main concepts of statistical physics. Phase space, Liouville's theorem, microenesembels and macroensembles, distribution function, statistical ensembles, ergodic theorem, density matrix.
    Statistical distributions. Microcanonical, canonical and grandcanonical distribution, relation between statistical and thermodynamical quantities, statistical definition of entropy, statistical sum, Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, Maxwell and Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions.
    Quantum statistics of ideal gases, bosons and fermions, Bose-Einsten distribution, photon gas, boson gas condensation, Fermi-Dirac distribution, degenerated fermion gas.
    Prerequisities:
    Concepts of wave function, wave function of a system of indistinguishable particles (see Quantum Physics I), mean value of a quantity characterized by probability distribution.
Literature
    recommended literature
  • Čulík F., Noga M. Úvod do štatistickej fyziky a termodynamiky. Alfa, Bratislava, 1993. info
  • Moore, W. J. Fyzikální chemie. SNTL, Praha, 1981. info
    not specified
  • Reif F. Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics. McGraw-Hill, 1965. info
Teaching methods
Lecture supplemented with a discussion
Skills demonstration
Assessment methods
The analysis of student 's performance
Credit
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
Teacher's information
Credit and examination. There are two parts of the exam: a written test (3 simple exercises, two of them on thermodynamics and the remaining one on statistical physics and/or molecular theory). In order to be
considered for the second, oral part of the exam, the student needs to cope reasonably with the exercise
from statistical/molecular part and also reasonably on the thermodynamics part. Also the oral exam requires at least some knowledge of each of the parts of the course.
The course is also listed under the following terms Winter 1993, Winter 1994, Winter 1995, Winter 1996, Winter 1997, Winter 1998, Winter 1999, Winter 2000, Winter 2001, Winter 2002, Winter 2003, Winter 2004, Winter 2005, Winter 2006, Winter 2007, Winter 2008, Winter 2009, Winter 2010, Winter 2011, Winter 2012, Winter 2013, Winter 2015.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Winter 2014, recent)
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